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Superinfection
Superinfection Sudden growth of a different type of bacteria than the type originally diagnosed and treated. This is a common cause of treatment failure because the new type of bacteria is often resistant to first-line antibiotics.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Bacteria
Single-celled microorganisms which can exist either as independent (free-living) organisms or as parasites (dependent upon another organism for life).
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Superantigen
An antigen that interacts with the T cell receptor in a domain outside of the antigen recognition site. This type of interaction induces the activation of larger numbers of T cells compared to antigens that are presented in the antigen recognition site.
Superego
In psychoanalytic theory, that part of the personality structure associated with ethics, standards, and self-criticism. It is formed by identification with important and esteemed persons in early life, particularly parents. The supposed or actual wishes of these significant persons are taken over as part of the child's own standards to help form the conscience.
Superficial Thrombophlebitis
A clot in a superficial vein, just under the skin.
Superior
The anatomical term for "above". i.e. the head is superior to the shoulder. Typically used in humans only. See Cranial/Caudal/Inferior.
Superior colliculus
A nucleus in the midbrain that coordinate visual, somatic and auditory information adjusting movements of the head and eyes towards a stimulus. contains four types of maps, a visual map, a map of the body surface, a map for sound in space and a motor map. Receives inputs from the retina (via the optic tract), the visual cortex, the somatosensory system and auditory systems. Mediates saccadic eye movements. Is the source of two major descending tracts, the tectospinal tract and the tectopontine tract in addition to regions of the brain stem controlling eye movements.
Superior temporal polysensory area (STP)
Area of monkey cortex. Virtually all cells respond to visual stimuli but some also activated by somatosensory and auditory input. Large receptive fields covering most of the visual field with no visuotopic order. Show radial or opponent direction selectivity. Some cells have fields responding to motion either towards the area centralis or away from it. Others show selective responses for object moving in depth, producing either looming or contracting pattern of motion in the field. Seem to be sensitive to information about peripheral optic flow.
Superior vena cava
The large vein that returns blood to the heart from the head and arms.
Superiority trial
A trial with the primary objective of showing that the response to the product is superior to a comparative agent (active or placebo control).
Supernumerary tooth
Extra tooth.
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Subliminal
Below the threshold of conscious awareness.
Subluxation
Partial dislocation.
Subungual
Beneath a nail.
Sucrose
A natural sugar obtained from sugar cane and sugar beets used as a sweetening agent. Also called table sugar.
Sunburn
A skin inflammation caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun, tanning beds or other sources.
Superinfection
Suppository
A cone-shaped solid mass of medication designed to be placed in the rectum or vagina.
Surfactant
A substance produced in the lungs that reduces surface tension and helps keep the small air sacs open.
Surrogate
A substitute.
Suture
1. The joining together of certain vertebrate bones, especially of the skull. 2. A stitch or stitches made to close a wound. 3. The material used in closing a wound with stitches.
Synergism
The working together of different organs or parts of the body so that their combined action is greater than their individual effects.
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