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Phocomelia
Phocomelia A birth defect of a limb, likened in everyday speech to a seal flipper, the hand or foot being attached to the trunk of the body by a single, small, deformed bone without, respectively, an elbow or knee.
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Foot
The distal portion of the leg, upon which an individual stands and walks. It consists, in man, of the tarsus, metatarsus, and phalanges and the tissues encompassing them.
Bone
Bone refers either to a hardened connective tissue or to one of the individual structures, or organs, into which it is formed, found in many animals. Bones support body structures, protect internal organs, and (in conjunction with muscles) facilitate movement; are also involved with cell formation, calcium metabolism, and mineral storage. The bones of an animal are, collectively, known as the skeleton.
Elbow
The juncture of the long bones in the middle portion of the arm. The bone of the upper arm (humerus) meets both the ulna (the inner bone of the forearm) and radius (the outer bone of the forearm) to form a hinge joint at the elbow. The radius and ulna also meet one another in the elbow to permit a small amount of rotation of the forearm. The elbow therefore functions to move the arm like a hinge (forward and backward) and in rotation (outward and inward). The biceps muscle is the major muscle that flexes the elbow hinge, and the triceps muscle is the major muscle that extends it. The primary stability of the elbow is provided by the ulnar collateral ligament, located on the medial (inner) side of the elbow. The outer bony prominence of the elbow is the lateral epicondyle, a part of the humerus bone. Tendons attached to this area can be injured, causing inflammation or tendonitis (lateral epicondylitis, or tennis elbow). The inner portion of the elbow is a bony prominence called the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Additional tendons from muscles attach here and can be injured, likewise causing inflammation or tendonitis (medial epicondylitis, or golfer's elbow).
Knee
The complex hinge joint of the upper and lower leg involving the femur, tibia and patella.
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Phalloplasty
In plastic surgery, the procedures for attempted construction or reconstruction of a penis in cases of birth defect, of female-to-male transexualism, and of accidental or surgical amputation of the penis.
Phallus
A synonym for penis, which is also used to refer to the enlarged clitoris or penis-like structure of a female hermaphrodite.
Pheromone
An odorous substance or smell secreted by an organism that acts as a chemical messenger between members of the same or different species and serves as a foe repellent, territorial boundary or path marker, social heriarchy position indicator, child-parent bonding agent, or sexual lover/lover mate attractant. Pheromones may also regulate the reproductive ecology within a given species; an odoriferous substance that acts as a chemical messenger between individuals. By contrast, a hormone acts as a chemical messenger within the bloodstream of a single individual. In mammals, pheromones serve as foe repellents, boundary markers, child-parent attractants, and sex attractants.
Phimosis
Constriction of the foreskin so that it does not pull back, retracted over the glans of the penis
Phlogiston
A hypothetical substance which, prior to the discovery of oxygen, was thought to produce fire.
Phocomelia
Phyletic
Of or pertaining to a race. Phyletic components or aspects of behavior in human beings are those shared by all members of the human race, as compared with behavior that is individual and biographically or ontogenetically idiosyncratic. Phyletic behavior is the product of both prenatal and postnatal determinants, as is personal biographic behavior. Each is the end product of both innate and experiential determinants.
Phylism
A coined term used to refer to an element or unit of response or behavior of an organism that belongs to an individual through its phylogenetic heritage as a member of its species .
Phylogenetic
Belonging to the developmental history of an animal or vegetable species, which is the genealogical history shared by all members of the species.
Phylogeny
In biology, the developmental history of a species, which is the genealogical history shared by all members of the species.
Pictophilia
A paraphilia of the solicitational/allurative type in which sexuoerotic arousal and facilitation or attainment of orgasm are not only responsive to, but also contingent on viewing pictures, movies, or video cassettes of activities commonly classified as dirty, pornographic, or obscene, alone or in the presence of the sexual partner. The same term is used for the reciprocal paraphilic condition, namely of having sexuoerotic arousal contingent on showing visual erotica to the partner. The condition of being responsive to or dependent on erotic pictures in order to obtain erotic arousal and facilitate or achieve orgasm.
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