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Non-inferiority trial
Non-inferiority trial A trial with the primary objective of showing that the response to the investigational product is not clinically inferior to a comparative agent (active or placebo control). See also equivalence trial.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Inferior
The anatomical term for "below". i.e. the neck is inferior to the head. Typically used in humans only. See Cranial/Caudal/Superior.
Placebo
A placebo is an inactive pill, liquid, or powder that has no treatment value. In clinical trials, experimental treatments are often compared with placebos to assess the treatment's effectiveness. In some studies, the participants in the control group will receive a placebo instead of an active drug or treatment. No sick participant receives a placebo if there is a known beneficial treatment.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes
A condition in which the body either makes too little insulin or cannot properly use the insulin it makes to convert blood glucose to energy. Type 2 diabetes may be controlled with diet, exercise, and weight loss, or may require oral medications and/or insulin injections.
Non-invasive procedures
A diagnostic effort or treatment that does not require entering the body or puncturing the skin.
Non-Q-wave MI
A MI or heart attack that does not cause changes on the electrocardiogram (ECG) however, chemical markers in the blood indicate that damage has occurred to the heart muscle. In non-Q-wave MI, a clot may block the coronary artery for a period of time, and then break up by itself or collateral circulation may help to restore blood flow to the area of ischemia (lack of blood supply). The size of damage is fairly small; therefore, overall function of the heart is usually maintained.
Non-stress test
A test for abnormalities of the fetal heartbeat in which a monitor is used to listen to the fetus's heart while the mother is at rest. (In a stress test, the fetal heartbeat is monitored in response to uterine contractions.)
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Neuroradiologist
A radiologist who specializes in the use of radioactive substances, x-rays and scanning devices for the diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system.
Nurse practitioner
A registered nurse with advanced training in a particular area of health care, e.g., pediatric nurse practitioners have additional education in the care of children.
Narcosis
General and nonspecific reversible depression of neuronal excitability, produced by a number of physical and chemical agents, usually resulting in stupor rather than in anesthesia.
Nephropathia epidemica
A generally benign form of epidemic hemorrhagic fever reported in Scandinavia.
Neutrophilia
An increase of neutrophilic leukocytes in blood or tissues; also frequently used synonymously with leukocytosis, inasmuch as the latter is generally the result of an increased number of neutrophilic granulocytes in the circulating blood (or in the tissues, or both).
Non-inferiority trial
Nuremberg Code
Code of ethics for conducting medical research set forth in 1947.
Naprapathy
System of bodywork founded in 1905 by chiropractic professor Oakley G. Smith, author of Modernized Chiropractic (1906). It encompasses nutritional, postural, and exercise counseling. Naprapathic theory holds|(a) that soft connective tissue in a state of contraction can cause "neurovascular interference," (b) that this "interference" may cause "circulatory congestion" and "nerve irritation," and (c) that reducing this "interference" (primarily by hand) paves the way for optimal homeostasis. The major form of Naprapathy in the United States is the Oakley Smith Naprapathic Method(TM), taught by the Chicago National College of Naprapathy.
Natural
Not human-induced or manmade.
N.D.
Doctor of Naturopathy.
Neuro-electric acupuncture
(evidence-based acupuncture, physiologic acupuncture)|Subject of Beyond Yin and Yang|How Acupuncture Really Works (Warren H. Green, Inc., 1994), by George A. Ulett, M.D., Ph.D. Neuro-electric acupuncture is a nonvitalistic form of electroacupuncture.
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