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Minor H antigens
Minor H antigens Or minor histocompatibility antigens. A group of proteins (in addition to those encoded by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) that can cause transplant tissue rejection. Minor H antigens can cause tissue rejection even when donor and recipient are matched for MHC. Immune response to minor H antigens is far less potent than response to MHC-encoded proteins, so the rejection is a slower process.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Histocompatibility
Literally, the ability of tissues to get along; in immunology, it means identity in all transplantation antigens. These antigens, in turn, are collectively referred to as histocompatibility antigens.
Antigens
Substances that cause an immune response in the body. The body "sees" the antigens as harmful or foreign. To fight them, the body produces antibodies, which attack and try to eliminate the antigens.
Tissue
Biological tissue is a group of cells that perform a similar function.The study of tissues is known as histology, or, in connection with disease, histopathology.The classical tools for studying the tissues are the wax block, the tissue stain, and the optical microscope, though developments in electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and frozen sections have all added to the sum of knowledge in the last couple of decades.
Rejection
The process by which the body tries to get rid of a transplanted organ or tissue by producing antibodies. Immunosuppressive drugs help to prevent rejection.
Donor
A person who gives an organ, tissue or blood to another person. A compatible donor is a person who has the same tissue and blood types as the person who receives the organ, tissue or blood.
Recipient
A patient who receives an organ, tissue or blood from another person.
MHC
Major Histocompatibility Complex. Region of chromosome 6 where HLA antigens are encoded.
Immune
Resistant to a particular disease.
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Minocin
Minocin is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): minocycline hydrochloride.
Minocycline
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Minocycline hcl
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Minor histocompatibility antigens
These antigens, encoded outside the MHC, are numerous, but do not generate rapid graft rejection or primary responses of T cells in vitro. They do not serve as restricting elements in cell interactions.
Minoxidil
Minoxidil is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): minoxidil.
Minoxidil extra strength for men
Minoxidil extra strength for men is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): minoxidil.
Minoxidil for men
Minoxidil for men is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): minoxidil.
Minoxidil for women
Minoxidil for women is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): minoxidil.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Myomectomy
Surgical procedure done to remove fibroids from the uterus, leaving the uterus intact.
Mycoplasma
Very common sexually transmitted disease or urinary tract infection caused by a bacteria-like organism in the urethra and reproductive system.
Myelogram
A specific X-ray study that uses an injection of a dye or contrast material into the spinal canal to allow careful evaluation of the spinal canal and nerve roots.
Male factor infertility
Condition in which a male patient is infertile for such reasons as very low sperm count, sperm that cannot swim properly, sperm that are unable to penetrate the egg, or blocked sperm ducts.
Methylation
A biochemical process involving the addition of chemical tags called methyl groups (-CH3) to DNA. Methylation can be a signal for a gene or a section of a chromosome to turn off gene expression and become inactive or "silent".
Minor H antigens
Mitochondrial heteroplasmy
An atypical condition characterized by the presence of more than one type of mitochondrial DNA in a single individual. Normally, each individual has only one type of mitochondrial DNA, inherited from his or her mother through the egg at fertilization. (Mitochondria from the sperm are systematically eliminated by the egg at fertilization.)Cloned organisms may exhibit mitochondrial heteroplasmy (having a mixture of mitochondria from both the donor cell and the recipient egg) because this elimination system may be bypassed during the cloning process.
Mitochondrion
Plural: mitochondria. A cellular structure in the cytoplasm that provides energy to the cell. Each cell contains many mitochondria. In humans, a single mitochondrion contains 37 genes on a circular mitochondrial DNA, compared with about 35,000 genes contained in the nuclear DNA.
Monozygotic twins
Twins derived from one egg and one sperm (often called identical twins).
Morula
The preimplantation embryo 3-4 days after fertilization, when it is a solid mass composed of 12-32 cells (blastomeres). After the eight-cell stage, the cells of the preimplantation embryo begin to adhere to each other more tightly, becoming "compacted". The resulting embryo resembles a mulberry and is called a morula (Latin: morus = mulberry).
Multipotent stem cells
Stem cells from the embryo, fetus, or adult, whose progeny are of multiple differentiated cell types and usually, but not necessarily, all of a particular tissue, organ, or physiological system.
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