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Meniere's Disease
Meniere's Disease A disorder or condition of the inner ear. The major symptoms that cause most of our difficulty are characterized by abnormal sensation of movement (vertigo), loss of hearing, and noises or ringing (tinnitus) in one or both ears. was first described by French physician Prosper Meniere in 1861.
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Condition
The term "condition" has a number of biomedical meanings including the following: 1.An unhealthy state, such as in "this is a progressive condition." 2.A state of fitness, such as "getting into condition." 3.Something that is essential to the occurrence of something else; essentially a "precondition." 4.As a verb: to cause a change in something so that a response that was previously associated with a certain stimulus becomes associated with another stimulus; to condition a person, as in behavioral conditioning.
Ear
The hearing organ. There are three sections of the ear, according to the anatomy textbooks. They are the outer ear (the part we see along the sides of our head behind the temples), the middle ear, and the inner ear. But in terms of function, the ear has four parts: those three and the brain. Hearing thus involves all parts of the ear as well as the auditory cortex of the brain. The external ear helps concentrate the vibrations of air on the ear drum and make it vibrate. These vibrations are transmitted by a chain of little bones in the middle ear to the inner ear. There they stimulate the fibers of the auditory nerve to transmit impulses to the brain.
Abnormal
Not normal. Deviating from the usual structure, position, condition, or behavior. In referring to a growth, abnormal may mean that it is cancerous or premalignant (likely to become cancer).
Physician
A doctor. An authorized practitioner of medicine.
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Monocular vision
A condition in which one eye is blind, or in which one eye refuses to register images in co-ordination with the better eye.
Multiple sclerosis
An auto-immune disease of the central nervous system, mainly affecting young adults, whose origin is unknown. It damages nerve fiber insulation (myelin) in a random and patchy manner, causing a wide range of neurological defects. It is characterized clinically by symptoms that typically abate spontaneously in the early years of the disease but often get gradually worse in later years.
Muscular dystrophy
An inherited condition that is due to a gene on the X chromosome. It is therefore called a sex-linked gene. It results in the inability to produce a vital muscle chemical resulting in muscle wastage, stumbling, then inability to walk and death by the age of about 20.
Myasthenia gravis (MG)
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular disease in which there is a failure of the nerves' ability to stimulate and control the actions of certain muscles, especially those of the eye, face, lips, tongue, throat, and neck.
Myopia
Also known as nearsightedness, myopia is a refractive error caused by an eyeball that is too long to focus light on the retina or a cornea which is too steeply curved. In these cases light focuses instead in front of the retina. People with myopia are usually able to see close objects well, but objects in the distance—such as highway signs or writing on a chalkboard—appear blurred.
Meniere's Disease
Myositis
Muscular soreness due to inflammation that often occurs 1-2 days after unaccustomed exercise. Often referred as DOMS (Delayed onset muscle soreness).
Metatarsus
The metatarsus consists of the five long bones of the foot, which are numbered from the medial side (ossa metatarsalia I.-V.); each presents for examination a body and two extremities. These are analogous to the metacarpals of the hand.
Metacarpals
Five long bones of the hand, running from the wrist to the fingers.
Metacarpus
The metacarpus is the intermediate part of the hand skeleton that is located between the fingers distally and the carpus which forms the connection to the forearm. It consists of five cylindrical bones which are numbered from the radial to the ulnar side (ossa metacarpalia I-V); each consists of a body and two extremities.
Meiosis
A type of cell division in which 4 daughter cells are produced, each having half the chromosome number of the parent cell; in plants, meiosis occurs in the sporangia on the sporophyte, and produces tetrads of haploid spores from the diploid spore mother cells; these spores typically grow into gametophytes; haploid cells cannot go through meiosis, since the haploid number of chromosomes is the minimum number a cell requires to survive.
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