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Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL)
Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) Activities that are essential if a person is to live independently, eg. use of a telephone or public transportation, housework, cooking, financial management. See also activities of daily living (ADLs).
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Essential
1. Something that cannot be done without. 2. Required in the diet, because the body cannot make it. As in an essential amino acid or an essential fatty acid. 3. Idiopathic. As in essential hypertension.
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Instant microspheres
Instant microspheres is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): technetium tc-99m albumin microspheres kit.
Instinct
An inborn drive. The primary human instincts include self-preservation, sexuality, and according to some proponents the death instinct, of which aggression is one manifestation.
Institut Catala de O'Oncologia
Institut Catala de O'Oncologia is a hospital in Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain).
Institut de cardiologie de Montreal
The Institut de cardiologie de Montreal is a hospital in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Institut Dexeus
Institut Dexeus is a very prestigious hospital in Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain).
Institut Jantung Negara S-B
The Institut Jantung Negara S-B is a hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Institute Of Pennsylvania Hospital
The Institute Of Pennsylvania Hospital is a hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
Institution (medical)
Any public or private entity or agency or medical or dental facility where clinical trials are conducted.
Institution Nationale des Invalides
The Institution Nationale des Invalides is a hospital in Paris, France.
Institutional review board (IRB)
An administrative body in an institution (such as a hospital or university) established to protect the rights and welfare of human research subjects recruited to participate in research activities conducted under the auspices of that institution. The IRB has the authority to approve, require modifications in, or disapprove research activities in its jurisdiction, as specified by both federal regulations and local institutional policy.
Instrumental conditioning
A process by which the results of the person's behavior determine whether the behavior is more or less likely to occur in the future.
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Immunoassay
Detection and assay of substances by serological (immunological) methods; in most applications the substance in question serves as antigen, both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance.
Impairment
A defect in organ function or whole body system, which may be temporary or permanent (eg. hemiplegia).
Inclusion criteria
The criteria that prospective subjects must meet to be eligible for participation in a study. See also exclusion criteria, admission criteria.
Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC)
An independent committee that may be established by the study investigators to assess at intervals the progress of a ongoing blinded clinical trial, the safety data, and the critical efficacy endpoints, and to recommend whether to continue, modify or stop a trial. See also Data and Safety Monitoring Board, Monitoring Committee, Data Monitoring.
Institution (medical)
Any public or private entity or agency or medical or dental facility where clinical trials are conducted.
Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL)
Intention-to-treat principle
The principle that asserts that the effect of a treatment policy can be best assessed by evaluating, on the basis of the intention to treat a subject (that is, the planned treatment regimen) rather than the actual treatment given. It has the consequence that subjects allocated to a treatment group should be followed up, assessed and analysed as members of that group irrespective of their compliance to the planned course of treatment.
Interaction (qualitative and quantitative)
The situation in which a treatment contrast (for example, difference between investigational product and control) is dependent on another factor (for example, centre). A quantitative interaction refers to the case where the magnitude of the contrast differs at the different levels of the factor, whereas for a qualitative interaction the direction of the contrast differs for at least one level of the factor.
Interim analysis
Any analysis intended to compare treatment arms with respect to efficacy or safety at any time prior to the formal completion of a trial, usually only completed in blinded trials, for a DMC review.
Interim clinical trial/study report
A report of intermediate results and their evaluation based on analyses performed during the course of a trial, usually prepared for review by DMC.
Internal consistency
A property of data that does not contradict itself.
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