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Gallstones and ERCP
Gallstones and ERCP ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) is a diagnostic procedure done to look for diseases of the liver, bile ducts and pancreas. A flexible tube is put down the throat, through the stomach, and into the small intestine. The doctor can see through the tube and inject dye into the drainage tube (duct) of the pancreas so that the area can be seen more clearly on an x-ray. The ERCP test is uncomfortable but not painful. It is performed under intravenous sedation, usually without general anesthesia, and has a low incidence of complications. ERCP can provide important information unobtainable by other diagnostic means. Therapeutic measures can often be take at the time of ERCP to remove stones in the bile ducts or to relieve obstruction of the bile ducts, so that traditional open surgeries can be avoided. ERCP is increasingly accepted as the diagnostic and therapeutic procedure of choice in identifying and removing gallstones from the bile ducts.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
ERCP
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
Diagnostic
Pertaining to a diagnosis; usually refers to a characteristic or criteria which is critical for a specific diagnosis.
Liver
The largest organ in the body. The liver carries out many important functions, such as making bile, changing food into energy, and cleaning alcohol and poisons from the blood.
Bile
Fluid made by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Bile helps break down fats and gets rid of wastes in the body.
Pancreas
A large, elongated gland located behind the lower portion of the stomach that secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon into the blood. These hormones are essential in regulating blood sugar levels. The pancreas also secretes enzymes into the small intestine that help with digestion and neutralize acid from the stomach.
Stomach
The organ between the esophagus and the small intestine. The stomach is where digestion of protein begins.
Intestine
The tube involved in digestion and extending from the stomach to the anus. Consists of the small intestine and the large intestine.
Doctor
1. One whose occupation is to treat diseases, particularly a physician, dentist, or veterinarian with an appropriate license. 2. A teacher (particularly at a college or university), a scholar, or one who holds a postgraduate degree (especially a Ph.D. degree). 3. A shaman.
X-ray
Electromagnetic energy used to produce images of bones and internal organs onto film.
Intravenous
Introducing a fluid into the bloodstream through a vein (usually in the patient's forearm).
Anesthesia
Depending on the type of treatment a patient is to receive, a dentist may recommend some type of dental anesthesia. Local anesthesia involves the numbing of the teeth and gums. Topical anesthetic may be used to help make the injection more tolerable. Most dental work falls under this type of anesthesia (i.e., fillings, crowns, root canals and gum surgery) and may cause the patient to feel a temporary numbness. Nitrous Oxide or "laughing gas" may be used in combination with local anesthetics or alone if the patient cannot tolerate a local injection. Nitrous Oxide is an anti-anxiety agent that helps relax both children and adults. Patients wear a mask to breathe in the nitrous air. The effects soon dissipate once the nitrous is turned off and the patient begins to breathe oxygen through the mask. There are very few known side effects with Nitrous Oxide. General anesthesia is used during more complex procedures or for those that experience a high level of anxiety and wish to be asleep during the treatment. An anesthesiologist or a dentist who has received special training administers general anesthesia. Sometimes oral medications are used to relieve dental pain or anxiety. These analgesics may be used in combination with the above types of anesthesia or alone to help relieve post treatment discomfort.
Incidence
Statistic that equals the number of new cases of a particular disease that occur in a population during a defined period of time, usually one year.
Obstruction
A blockage in the GI tract that prevents the flow of liquids or solids.
Gallstones
Presence or formation of gallstones.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Gall
The bile produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
Gallbladder
The storage sac for bile, located below the liver.
Gallbladder absence
This condition, also known as agenesis (failure of development) of the gallbladder, occurs in approximately one out of every 1,000 people. Gallbladder agenesis is an isolated abnormality in more than two-thirds (70%) of people with agenesis. The person with isolated agenesis of the gallbladder is healthy. No treatment is needed. The prognosis (outlook) is excellent.
Gallbladder agenesis
This is a condition in which the gallbladder fails to develop. This happens in approximately one out of every 1,000 people. Gallbladder agenesis is an isolated finding in more than two-thirds (70%) of people. The person with isolated gallbladder agenesis is healthy. No treatment is needed, and the prognosis (outlook) is excellent.
Gallbladder disease
Gall bladder disease includes inflammation, infection, stones, or obstruction of the gallbladder.
Galle doctors
All doctors near Galle, Sri Lanka. Doctors who can assist a patient in Galle.
Gallium
A rare metal with the atomic weight of 69. There are several isotopic forms of gallium that differ from it in atomic weight. One is gallium-68 which is produced by cyclotrons and emits gamma rays. The citrate form of gallium-68 is used as a radiotracer to locate sites of inflammation and tumor tissue within the body.
Gallium citrate ga 67
Gallium citrate ga 67 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): gallium citrate, ga-67.
Gallop rhythm
Heart rhythm like the gallop of a horse.
Gallstone
A stone-like mass that forms in the gallbladder.
Gallstone pancreatitis
Gallstone-induced pancreatitis. Pancreatitis due to gallstones.
Gallstones
Presence or formation of gallstones.
Gallstones, microscopic
A mixture of microscopic particulate matter in bile, also called biliary sludge, that occurs when particles of material precipitate from bile. (Bile is the fluid that is made by the liver. It is stored in the gallbladder until after a meal when it passes out of the gallbladder and through the common bile duct into the intestine to help digest fat in the meal.)
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Gallbladder absence
This condition, also known as agenesis (failure of development) of the gallbladder, occurs in approximately one out of every 1,000 people. Gallbladder agenesis is an isolated abnormality in more than two-thirds (70%) of people with agenesis. The person with isolated agenesis of the gallbladder is healthy. No treatment is needed. The prognosis (outlook) is excellent.
Gallbladder agenesis
This is a condition in which the gallbladder fails to develop. This happens in approximately one out of every 1,000 people. Gallbladder agenesis is an isolated finding in more than two-thirds (70%) of people. The person with isolated gallbladder agenesis is healthy. No treatment is needed, and the prognosis (outlook) is excellent.
Gallium
A rare metal with the atomic weight of 69. There are several isotopic forms of gallium that differ from it in atomic weight. One is gallium-68 which is produced by cyclotrons and emits gamma rays. The citrate form of gallium-68 is used as a radiotracer to locate sites of inflammation and tumor tissue within the body.
Gallop rhythm
Heart rhythm like the gallop of a horse.
Gallstone pancreatitis
Gallstone-induced pancreatitis. Pancreatitis due to gallstones.
Gallstones and ERCP
Gallstones, microscopic
A mixture of microscopic particulate matter in bile, also called biliary sludge, that occurs when particles of material precipitate from bile. (Bile is the fluid that is made by the liver. It is stored in the gallbladder until after a meal when it passes out of the gallbladder and through the common bile duct into the intestine to help digest fat in the meal.)
GALT
The enzyme (galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase) lack of which causes the genetic metabolic disease called galactosemia. GALT is also the symbol for the gene that encodes the enzyme.
GALT deficiency
Lack of the enzyme called GALT (galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase) which causes the genetic metabolic disease galactosemia, one of the diseases in many newborn screening panels. The disease can be fatal, if undetected. If detected, it can be treated by avoiding galactose in the diet. Galactosemia is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. There are two forms of the disease, GALT deficiency (classic galactosemia) and galactose kinase deficiency. Of the two, the GALT deficiency is the most severe. The GALT gene is in chromosome 9p13.
Gametic
Pertaining to the gamete (the sperm or eggs).
Gametic selection
Preferential selection of gametes (germ cells -- sperm or eggs). Gametic selection is a mechanism of transmission distortion.
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