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Freckle
Freckle A flat circular spot on the skin about the size of the head of a nail that develops after repeated exposure to sunlight, particularly in someone of fair complexion. Freckles may be red, yellow, tan, light-brown, brown, or black. They are always darker than the skin around them since they are due to deposits of the dark melanin, a dark pigment.
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Skin
Skin is an organ of the integumentary system; which is composed of a layer of tissues that protect underlying muscles and organs. Skin is used for insulation, vitamin D production, sensation, and excretion (through sweat).
Melanin
Black pigment in the pigment epithelium cells that absorbs light not captured by the retina preventing it from being reflected off the back of the eye.
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Frambesia
Also known as yaws, frambesia is a common chronic infectious disease that occurs mainly in the warm humid regions of the tropics with characteristic bumps on the skin of the face, hands, feet and genital area. Almost all cases of yaws are in children under 15 years of age.
Framingham Study
A landmark study begun in 1948 in which some 12,000 residents of the town of Framingham, Massachusetts were enrolled in a study designed to gather medical data and, more recently, DNA samples. The participants in the Framingham study came in for regular medical exams and provided the information that researchers have requested. This extraordinary longitudinal (long-term) study has yielded a vast set of data from which invaluable health information has been extracted.
Frankenfood
Perjorative term for genetically modified food whether it be derived from genetically engineered plants or animals.
Frasier syndrome
A condition characterized by the presence of an XY sex chromosome constitution and undermasculinized external genitalia that may range from ambiguous in appearance to normal-looking female genitalia. There is also kidney disease (glomerulosclerosis) and gonadal tumors (gonadoblastoma). Frasier syndrome is caused by point mutations in the WT1 gene (in the intron 9 donor splice site).
Fraternal twin
A twin who have shared a common uterine environment with its sibling. Fraternal twins are due to the fertilization of two different ova by different sperm. Fraternal twins are also called dizygotic twins.
Freckle
Frenum
A restraining structure. Frenum is Latin for a bridle. A small frenum is a frenulum.
Frequency, urinary
Urinating too often, at too frequent intervals, not due to an unusually large volume of urine, but rather to a decrease in the capacity of the bladder to hold urine.
Frey syndrome
Sweating on one side of the forehead, face, scalp, and neck occurring soon after ingesting food as a result of damage to a nerve that goes to the large saliva gland in the cheek (the parotid gland).
Fridayitis
A perplexing condition that suddenly strikes some workers and students on Friday and leads to their absence that day from work or school.
Frontal
In anatomy, pertaining to the forehead. As, for example, the frontal bone, frontal sinus, and frontal nerve.
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