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Fracture
Fracture Broken, especially a broken bone.
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Bone
Bone refers either to a hardened connective tissue or to one of the individual structures, or organs, into which it is formed, found in many animals. Bones support body structures, protect internal organs, and (in conjunction with muscles) facilitate movement; are also involved with cell formation, calcium metabolism, and mineral storage. The bones of an animal are, collectively, known as the skeleton.
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Fraction, ejection
The portion of blood that is pumped out of a filled ventricle as a result of a heartbeat. The heart does not eject all of the blood that is in the ventricle. Normally, about two-thirds of the blood is pumped out with each beat. That fraction is referred to the ejection fraction.
Fractional Urine
Urine that a person collects for a certain period of time during 24 hours; usually from breakfast to lunch, from lunch to supper, from supper to bedtime, and from bedtime to rising. Also called "block urine."
Fracture, basilar
A break in bone at the base of the skull. About a half of basilar fractures are caused by bicycle or motor vehicle accidents, about a quarter by falls, and a tenth by recreational activities, particularly by diving accidents. The balance are due to other causes. No matter what cause, the risk of death with a basilar fracture is appreciable. The term "basilar" means located at or near the base of a structure, especially the skull.
Fracture, comminuted
A fracture in which bone is broken, splintered or crushed into a number of pieces.
Fracture, compound
A fracture in which the bone is sticking through the skin. Also called an open fracture.
Fracture, compression
A fracture caused by compression, the act of pressing together. Compression fractures of the vertebrae are especially common in the elderly.
Fracture, greenstick
A fracture in which one side of a bone is broken while the other is bent (like a green stick).
Fracture, open
A fracture in which the bone is sticking through the skin. Also called a compound fracture.
Fracture, Salter-Harris
A traumatic fracture around or through the growth plate (the epiphyseal plate) of a bone in a child.
Fracture, spiral
A fracture, sometimes called a torsion fracture, in which a bone has been twisted apart.
Fracture, stress
A fracture caused by repetitive stress, as may occur in sports, strenuous exercise, or heavy physical labor. Stress fractures are especially common in the metatarsal bones of foot, particularly in runners. Osteoporosis increases the possibility of stress fractures. Treatment is by rest, disuse, and sometimes splinting or casting to prevent reinjury during healing.
Fracture, torsion
A fracture, also called a spiral fracture, in which a bone has been twisted apart.
Fracture, torus
A fracture in which one side of the bone bends, but does not actually break. Torus fractures normally heal on their own within a month with rest and disuse, although they can cause soreness and discomfort.
Fracture, transverse
A fracture in which the break is across the bone, at a right angle to the long axis of the bone.
Fractured hip
Broken bone in the hip, a key health problem among the elderly, usually due to a fall or other kind of trauma involving direct impact to the hip bone which has been weakened by osteoporosis. The part of the hip most often broken is the greater trochanter of the femur.
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Flaccid
Soft and flabby. Often used to describe complete paralysis (loss of movement) without muscle spasm.
Flatfoot
A condition in which the normal arch of the foot is absent.
Fluorescein
A compound used as a diagnostic aid to show injuries of the cornea or retina of the eye.
Folliculitis
Inflammation of the hair follicles.
Fontanelle
A soft spot in the skull of an infant formed by the normal separation between the bony plates of the skull.
Fracture
Frenulum
A fold of skin or mucous membrane that limits the movement of a body part. For example, the frenulum linguae is the midline fold under the tongue that attaches it to the floor of the mouth.
Frostbite
Damage to tissue as a result of exposure to freezing temperatures.
Fructose
Fruit sugar.
Fungus
A group of organisms that includes yeasts, molds and mushrooms.
Fluorescein angiograms
Photographs of the back of the eye, taken after a fluorescent dye is placed in the blood stream.ÿ This is used to test the circulation in the retina of the eye.
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