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Fourth ventricle
Fourth ventricle One cavity in a system of four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord.
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Cavity
A hollow place or hole within the body.
Cavities
Holes in the two outer layers of a tooth called the enamel and the dentin. The enamel is the outermost white hard surface and the dentin is the yellow layer just beneath enamel. Both layers serve to protect the inner living tooth tissue called the pulp, where blood vessels and nerves reside. Small cavities may not cause pain, and may be unnoticed by the patient. Larger cavities can collect food, and the inner pulp of the affected tooth can become irritated by bacterial toxins, foods that are cold, hot, sour, or sweet - causing toothache. Also referred to as caries.
Brain
"That part of the central nervous system that is located within the cranium (skull). The brain functions as the primary receiver, organizer and distributor of information for the body. It has two (right and left) halves called ""hemispheres."" "
Central
In anatomy and medicine (as elsewhere), central is the opposite of "peripheral" which means away from the center.
Cord
1. In anatomy, a long ropelike structure. 2. Short for the spinal cord or the umbilical cord.
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Four Hundred Bed Hospital
The Four Hundred Bed Hospital is a hospital in Pecs, Hungary.
Fourth cranial nerve
The fourth cranial nerve, the trochlear nerve, is the nerve supply to the superior oblique muscle of the eye, one of the muscles that moves the eye. Paralysis of the trochlear nerve results in rotation of the eyeball upward and outward (and, therefore, double vision).
Fourth disease
A disorder characterized by a rash due to a toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus (Staph aureus bacteria).
Fourth stage of labor
The hour or two after delivery when the tone of the uterus is established and the uterus contracts down again expelling any remaining contents. These contractions are hastened by breast-feeding, which stimulates production of the hormone oxytocin.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Fornix uteri
The fornix of the uterus refers to the anterior (front) and posterior (back) recesses into which the upper vagina is divided. These vaultlike recesses are formed by protrusion of the cervix into the vagina. The fornix uteri is also known as the fornix vaginae (the vaginal fornix).
Founder effect
The positive effect on gene frequency when a population (a colony) has only a small number of original settlers (founders) one or more of whom had that gene. For example, the gene for Huntington disease was introduced into the Lake Maracaibo region in Venezuela early in the 19th century. So there are now over a hundred persons with Huntington disease and at least 900 persons at risk for that deadly disease in that region, the largest known aggregation with the Huntington gene in the world.
Fourth cranial nerve
The fourth cranial nerve, the trochlear nerve, is the nerve supply to the superior oblique muscle of the eye, one of the muscles that moves the eye. Paralysis of the trochlear nerve results in rotation of the eyeball upward and outward (and, therefore, double vision).
Fourth disease
A disorder characterized by a rash due to a toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus (Staph aureus bacteria).
Fourth stage of labor
The hour or two after delivery when the tone of the uterus is established and the uterus contracts down again expelling any remaining contents. These contractions are hastened by breast-feeding, which stimulates production of the hormone oxytocin.
Fourth ventricle
Fraction, ejection
The portion of blood that is pumped out of a filled ventricle as a result of a heartbeat. The heart does not eject all of the blood that is in the ventricle. Normally, about two-thirds of the blood is pumped out with each beat. That fraction is referred to the ejection fraction.
Fracture, basilar
A break in bone at the base of the skull. About a half of basilar fractures are caused by bicycle or motor vehicle accidents, about a quarter by falls, and a tenth by recreational activities, particularly by diving accidents. The balance are due to other causes. No matter what cause, the risk of death with a basilar fracture is appreciable. The term "basilar" means located at or near the base of a structure, especially the skull.
Fracture, comminuted
A fracture in which bone is broken, splintered or crushed into a number of pieces.
Fracture, compound
A fracture in which the bone is sticking through the skin. Also called an open fracture.
Fracture, compression
A fracture caused by compression, the act of pressing together. Compression fractures of the vertebrae are especially common in the elderly.
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