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Fascia
Fascia Tough membrane that encloses muscles and other organs.
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Membrane
A flexible layer surrounding a cell, organelle (such as the nucleus), or other bodily structure. The movement of molecules across a membrane is strictly regulated in both directions.
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Fasciculation
Involuntary contractions, or twitchings, of groups (fasciculi) of muscle fibers, a coarser form of muscular contraction than fibrillation.
Fasciitis
Inflammation of the fascia.
Fasciitis, eosinophilic (Shulman syndrome)
A disease which leads to inflammation and thickening of the skin and fascia. (The fascia is a lining tissue under the skin that covers a surface of underlying tissues. When the fascia is inflamed, the condition is referred to as "fasciitis.") In eosinophilic fasciitis, the involved fascia is inflamed with the eosinophil white blood cells. There is progressive thickening, and often redness and warmth, and hardness of the skin surface.
Fasciitis, plantar
Inflammation of the plantar fascia (fasciitis), the "bowstring-like" tissue stretching from the heel underneath the sole. Plantar fasciitis is often due to a bony spur projecting from the underside of the heel that makes walking painful. Spurs under the sole (plantar area) typically cause localized tenderness and pain that is made worse by stepping down on the heel.
Fascinoma
Medical slang for a fascinating case, usually involving a rare disease.
Fasciola hepatica
A parasite called the liver fluke which causes Fascioliasis or "liver rot" in ruminants and many other mammals, including people. Eating contaminated vegetation such as watercress is a common mode of infection. Fasciola hepatica is cosmopolitan in distribution being found throughout all regions of the world, both temperate and tropical.
Fasciolopsiasis
Infection with Fasciola flukes such as Fasciolopsis buski.
Fasciolopsis
A parasite that is the largest intestinal fluke in humans. Known scientifically as Fasciolopsis buski and popularly as the giant intestinal fluke. Infection occurs primarily in Asia and the Indian subcontinent, especially in areas where humans raise pigs and consume freshwater plants. The immature eggs of the fluke in human feces reach fresh water where they hatch and form what are called miracidia. Upon contact with host snails, the miracidia penetrate them and form cercariae. The cercariae encyst on various plants such as the water chestnut, lotus (on the roots), water bamboo, and other aquatic vegetables. Humans are infected by consuming these raw vegetables. Most infections are light and asymptomatic. Heavy infection may cause nausea, diarrhea, malabsorption, or intestinal obstruction. Diagnosis is made by microscopic identification of the fluke eggs or, more rarely, the adult flukes in the stool or vomitus. Praziquantel is the drug of choice for treatment.
Fasciolopsis buski
The giant intestinal fluke.
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Full mouth reconstruction
Extensive restorations of natural teeth with crowns and or fixed bridges to manage bite problems.
Frenectomy
Removal or reshaping of thin muscle tissue that attaches the upper or lower lips to the gum, or the tongue to the floor of the mouth.
Fabry's disease
See 'Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum'.
Familial Mediterranean Fever
FMF. Autosomal recessive inheritance. Causes attacks of abdominal pain, fever and arthritis. Amyloidosis occurs. Predominantly affects Mediterranean races - e.g. Sephardic Jews.
Farber's Lipogranulomatosis
Autosomal recessive sphingolipidosis. Present in early childhood. There may be painful swellings affecting tendons and joints.
Fascia
Fasciitis
Inflammation of the fascia.
Felty's Syndrome
Syndrome of rheumatoid arthritis with leukopenia, splenomegaly and other features which include weight loss and leg ulcers.
Finkelstein's test
Place the patient's thumb in the palm. Passive ulnar deviation of the hand may produce pain at the radial side of the wrist. A sign of De Quervain's tenosynovitis.
Forestier's disease
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. (DISH, Ankylosing hyperostosis). Florid new bone formation at entheses results in spinal stiffness. May be confused with ankylosing spondylitis.
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