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FAS
FAS 1. Fetal alcohol syndrome. 2. The FAS gene.
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Fetal
Having to do with the fetus.
Alcohol
An organic chemical in which one or more hydroxyl (OH) groups are attached to carbon (C) atoms in place of hydrogen (H) atoms. Common alcohols include ethyl alcohol or ethanol (found in alcoholic beverages), methyl alcohol or methanol (can cause blindness) and propyl alcohol or propanol (used as a solvent and antiseptic). Rubbing alcohol is a mixture of acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and ethyl alcohol. In everyday talk, alcohol usually refers to ethanol as, for example, in wine, beer, and liquor. It can cause changes in behavior and be addictive.
Syndrome
A grouping of signs and symptoms, based on their frequent co-occurrence, that may suggest a common underlying pathogenesis, course, familial pattern, or treatment selection.
Gene
1. A unit of DNA that carries information for the biosynthesis of a specific product in the cell. 2. Ultimate unit by which inheritable characteristics are transmitted to succeeding generations in all living organisms. Genes are contained by, and arranged along the length of, the chromosome. The gene is composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Each chromosome of each species has a definite number and arrangement of genes, which govern both the structure and metabolic functions of the cells and thus of the entire organism.
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Family therapy
A type of psychotherapy designed to identify family patterns that contribute to a behavior disorder or mental illness and help family members break those habits. Family therapy involves discussion and problem-solving sessions with the family. Some of these sessions may be as a group, in couples, or one on one. In family therapy, the web of interpersonal relationships is examined and, ideally, communication is strengthened within the family.
Family, gene
A group of genes related in structure and often in function. The genes belonging to a gene family are descended from an ancestral gene. For example, the hemoglobin genes of critical importance to red blood cells belong to one gene family created by gene duplication (making extra copies of a gene) and divergence (divergent changes in the copies of the gene).
Fantod
A state of nervous anxiety or irritability. Also an irritable outburst. Pronounced fan-todd.
FAO deficiency
Also known as the Sjogren-Larsson syndrome, this is a genetic (inherited) disease usually characterized by a triad of clinical findings consisting of ichthyosis (thickened fish-like skin), spastic paraplegia (spasticity of the legs) and mental retardation. The skin changes in the Sjogren-Larsson syndrome are similar to those in congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, a genetic disease that results in fish-like, reddened skin. Hyperkeratosis (thickening of the skin) is a regular feature. Ecchymoses (bruises) are present at birth or soon after in the Sjogren-Larsson syndrome. Sweating is normal.
FAP
Familial adenomatous polyposis, a prominent hereditary colon cancer syndrome.
FAS
Fasciitis, eosinophilic (Shulman syndrome)
A disease which leads to inflammation and thickening of the skin and fascia. (The fascia is a lining tissue under the skin that covers a surface of underlying tissues. When the fascia is inflamed, the condition is referred to as "fasciitis.") In eosinophilic fasciitis, the involved fascia is inflamed with the eosinophil white blood cells. There is progressive thickening, and often redness and warmth, and hardness of the skin surface.
Fasciitis, plantar
Inflammation of the plantar fascia (fasciitis), the "bowstring-like" tissue stretching from the heel underneath the sole. Plantar fasciitis is often due to a bony spur projecting from the underside of the heel that makes walking painful. Spurs under the sole (plantar area) typically cause localized tenderness and pain that is made worse by stepping down on the heel.
Fascinoma
Medical slang for a fascinating case, usually involving a rare disease.
Fasciola hepatica
A parasite called the liver fluke which causes Fascioliasis or "liver rot" in ruminants and many other mammals, including people. Eating contaminated vegetation such as watercress is a common mode of infection. Fasciola hepatica is cosmopolitan in distribution being found throughout all regions of the world, both temperate and tropical.
Fasciolopsiasis
Infection with Fasciola flukes such as Fasciolopsis buski.
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