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Eye color
Eye color The color of the iris. The genetics of eye color are complicated. Eye color is polygenic. It is determined by multiple genes. The eye color genes include EYCL1 (a green/blue eye color gene located on chromosome 19), EYCL2 (a brown eye color gene) and EYCL3 (a brown/blue eye color gene located on chromosome 15). There are clearly other genes that influence eye color. The once-held view that blue eye color is a simple recessive trait has been shown to be wrong. The genetics of eye color are so complex that almost any parent-child combination of eye colors can occur.
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Iris
The colored part of the eye with a hole (pupil) in the center. It regulates the amount of light entering the eye – the dimmer the lighting the more light the iris lets into the eye by widening the pupil.
Genetics
The scientific study of heredity. Genetics pertains to humans and all other organisms. So, for example, there is human genetics, mouse genetics, fruitfly genetics, etc.
Genes
Basic, functional units of heredity, each occupying a specific place on a chromosome.
EYCL1
A gene for green/blue eye color located on chromosome 19.
Gene
1. A unit of DNA that carries information for the biosynthesis of a specific product in the cell. 2. Ultimate unit by which inheritable characteristics are transmitted to succeeding generations in all living organisms. Genes are contained by, and arranged along the length of, the chromosome. The gene is composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Each chromosome of each species has a definite number and arrangement of genes, which govern both the structure and metabolic functions of the cells and thus of the entire organism.
Chromosome
A structural unit within a eukaryotic nucleus that carries genes. A chromosome consists of a long, continuous strand of DNA and associated proteins.
EYCL2
A gene for brown eye color.
EYCL3
A gene for brown/blue eye color located on chromosome 15.
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Eye bank
A place to store corneas (the clear "front window" of the eye) for use in future keratoplasty (surgery to replace the cornea).
Eye bleed
Medically called a subconjunctival hemorrhage. A very common cause of a painless bloody eye usually first noticed by somebody else or by the person with it when they look in the mirror. The bleeding results from a break in a small blood vessel in the sclera, the white of the eye. This releases a tiny amount (less than a drop) of blood which is trapped underneath the conjunctiva, much like the blood in a bruise is trapped in the skin. It is called a subconjunctival hemorrhage since it occurs beneath the conjunctiva, the transparent membrane covering the sclera.
Eye cataract
A clouding of the lens of the eye. The normally clear aspirin-sized lens of the eye starts to become cloudy. The result is much like smearing grease over the lens of a camera. It impairs normal vision.
Eye Diagnostic Laser Center
The Eye Diagnostic Laser Center is a hospital in Norristown, Pennsylvania, United States.
Eye Foundation Hospital
The Eye Foundation Hospital is a hospital in Birmingham, Alabama, United States.
Eye pressure test
A standard eye test that determines the fluid pressure inside the eye. The test is called tonometry.Increased pressure within the eye is a possible sign of glaucoma, a common and potentially very serious eye problem if it is not detected and treated promptly. It is recommended that adults over age 40 have tonometry for glaucoma every 3 to 5 years by having their eye pressures measured.
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EYCL3
A gene for brown/blue eye color located on chromosome 15.
Eye
The organ of sight. The eye has a number of components. These components include but are not limited to the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina, macula, optic nerve, choroid and vitreous.
Eye bank
A place to store corneas (the clear "front window" of the eye) for use in future keratoplasty (surgery to replace the cornea).
Eye bleed
Medically called a subconjunctival hemorrhage. A very common cause of a painless bloody eye usually first noticed by somebody else or by the person with it when they look in the mirror. The bleeding results from a break in a small blood vessel in the sclera, the white of the eye. This releases a tiny amount (less than a drop) of blood which is trapped underneath the conjunctiva, much like the blood in a bruise is trapped in the skin. It is called a subconjunctival hemorrhage since it occurs beneath the conjunctiva, the transparent membrane covering the sclera.
Eye cataract
A clouding of the lens of the eye. The normally clear aspirin-sized lens of the eye starts to become cloudy. The result is much like smearing grease over the lens of a camera. It impairs normal vision.
Eye color
Eye pressure test
A standard eye test that determines the fluid pressure inside the eye. The test is called tonometry.Increased pressure within the eye is a possible sign of glaucoma, a common and potentially very serious eye problem if it is not detected and treated promptly. It is recommended that adults over age 40 have tonometry for glaucoma every 3 to 5 years by having their eye pressures measured.
Eye, absent
Also called anophthalmia, a congenital malformation (birth defect) of the globe. Anophthalmia refers, strictly speaking, to absence of the globe and ocular tissue from the orbit. However, in most cases of anophthalmia, CT scans show some remnants of the globe, indicating they represent severe microphthalmia (small eyes).
Eye, no
Also called anophthalmia, a congenital malformation (birth defect) of the globe. Anophthalmia refers, strictly speaking, to absence of the globe and ocular tissue from the orbit. However, in most cases of anophthalmia, CT scans show some remnants of the globe, indicating they represent severe microphthalmia (small eyes).
Eye, small
Also called microphthalmia, an abnormally small eye, a congenital malformation (birth defect) of the globe. The related term "anophthalmia" means no eye and refers to absence of the globe and ocular tissue from the orbit.
Eyedrop test
There are many types of eyedrops and many types of eyedrop tests. One of the most common eyedrop tests is pupil dilation. This examination enables your eye care professional to see more of your retina, the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of your eye.
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