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Erythropoietin test
Erythropoietin test A test of the hormone erythropoietin (EPO) in blood. An abnormal level of EPO may mean bone marrow or kidney disease or EPO abuse.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Hormone
A chemical substance formed in the body that is carried in the bloodstream to affect another part of the body; an example is thyroid hormone, produced by the thyroid gland in the neck, which affects growth, temperature regulation, metabolic rate, and other body functions.
Blood
The life-maintaining fluid which is made up of plasma, red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets; blood circulates through the body's heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries; it carries away waste matter and carbon dioxide, and brings nourishment, electrolytes, hormones, vitamins, antibodies, heat, and oxygen to the tissues.
Abnormal
Not normal. Deviating from the usual structure, position, condition, or behavior. In referring to a growth, abnormal may mean that it is cancerous or premalignant (likely to become cancer).
Mean
The sum of the values of all observations or data points divided by the number of observations, an arithmetical average.
Bone
Bone refers either to a hardened connective tissue or to one of the individual structures, or organs, into which it is formed, found in many animals. Bones support body structures, protect internal organs, and (in conjunction with muscles) facilitate movement; are also involved with cell formation, calcium metabolism, and mineral storage. The bones of an animal are, collectively, known as the skeleton.
Marrow
The tissue which fills the cavities of most bones; the medulla. In the larger cavities it is commonly very fatty, but in the smaller cavities it is much less fatty, and red or reddish in color.
Kidney
One of the paired organs that excrete urine. The kidneys are bean-shaped organs (about 11 cm long, 5 cm wide, and 3 cm thick) lying on either side of the vertebral column, posterior to the peritoneum, about opposite the twelfth thoracic and first three lumbar vertebrae.
Disease
Illness or sickness often characterized by typical patient problems (symptoms) and physical findings (signs). Disruption sequence: The events that occur when a fetus that is developing normally is subjected to a destructive agent such as the rubella (German measles) virus.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Erythema
Redness of the skin.
Erythema chronicum migrans
Spreading annular rash which appears at the site of tick-bite in Lyme disease.
Erythema dose
The amount of radiation which, applied to the skin, makes it turn temporarily red (erythematous).
Erythema infectiosum
Last of five childhood diseases to be discovered, including scarlet fever, measles, rubella, and roseola.Mild infection characterized by fever and a bright red rash on the cheeks.
Erythema marginatum
Rash occurring in rheumatic fever.
Erythema multiforme
An eruption of flat or raised spots of skin as a result of hypersensitivity to certain drugs or allergies.
Erythema nodosum
Red tender subcutaneous swellings, usually found on the lower limbs. Often associated with an asymmetrical, predominantly large joint arthropathy. Sarcoidosis, streptococcal infection and tuberculosis are the commonest triggers, but there are a number of others.
Erythematous
Redness of the skin caused by congestion of the capillaries, often due to inflammation or infection.
Erythra-derm
Erythra-derm is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): erythromycin.
Erythrasma
A chronic superficial slowly spreading skin infection, especially in the folds of the body and webs between the toes, caused by a bacterium called Corynebacterium minutissimum. Erythrasma most often affects adults, especially those with diabetes, and people in the tropics.
Erythro-statin
Erythro-statin is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): erythromycin.
Erythrocin
Erythrocin is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): erythromycin lactobionate.
Erythrocin stearate
Erythrocin stearate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): erythromycin stearate.
Erythrocyanosis
Reddish discoloration and swelling of the limbs in response to cold. Erythrocyanosis is particularly common in children and more common in women than men.
Erythrocyte
An erythrocyte is more commonly known as a red blood cell, which is the most numerous type of blood cell. Erythrocytes contain the red pigment hemoglobin and are responsible for oxygen transport. In humans, the number of erythrocytes in the blood varies between 4.5 and 5.5 million per cubic millimeter. They survive for about four months and are then destroyed in the spleen and liver.
Erythrocyte (red blood cell, red cell, red corpuscle)
Red blood cell that delivers oxygen to tissues and removes carbon dioxide and other waste products.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
blood test that measures the speed at which red blood cells settle on the bottom of a test tube; high sedimentation rate signals possible inflammatory disease.
Erythrodermic psoriasis
A particularly inflammatory form of psoriasis that often affects most of the body surface. It is the least common form of psoriasis and most commonly appears on people who have unstable plaque psoriasis, where lesions are not clearly defined. The erythrodermic form of psoriasis is characterized by periodic, widespread, fiery redness of the skin. The erythema (reddening) and exfoliation (shedding) of the skin are often accompanied by severe itching and pain. Swelling may also develop.
Erythroleukemia
A form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) involving the cells that give rise to the erythrocytes (the red blood cells). In this type of leukemia, the body produces large numbers of abnormal, immature red blood cells. Erythroleukemia is classified as acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) of the M6 type.
Erythromycin
An antibiotic derived from the bacterium Streptomyces erythreus which is especially effective against gram positive bacteria. This antibiotic is often used to treat people who are allergic to penicillin, to treat penicillin-resistant infections and acne.
Erythromycin and benzoyl peroxide
Erythromycin and benzoyl peroxide is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): benzoyl peroxide; erythromycin.
Erythromycin estolate
Erythromycin estolate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): erythromycin estolate.
Erythromycin ethylsuccinate
Erythromycin ethylsuccinate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): erythromycin ethylsuccinate.
Erythromycin ethylsuccinate and sulfisoxazole acetyl
Erythromycin ethylsuccinate and sulfisoxazole acetyl is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): erythromycin ethylsuccinate; sulfisoxazole acetyl.
Erythromycin lactobionate
Erythromycin lactobionate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): erythromycin lactobionate.
Erythromycin stearate
Erythromycin stearate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): erythromycin stearate.
Erythrophobia
An abnormal and persistent fear of blushing. Sufferers of erythrophobia experience undue anxiety even though they realize their fear is irrational. Their anxiety results from worry about being the focus of attention and the subject of embarrassment. Attempts to suppress blushing often have the opposite effect. Sufferers of erythrophobia tend to avoid social gatherings and workplace projects that require them to interact with, or speak before, groups of co-workers.
Erythroplakia
A reddened patch with a velvety surface found in the mouth.
Erythropoiesis
The formation of red blood cells.
Erythropoietin (EPO)
A hormone produced by the kidney that promotes the formation of red blood cells in the bone marrow. EPO is a glycoprotein (a protein with a sugar attached to it). Human EPO has a molecular weight of 34,000.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Erythrodermic psoriasis
A particularly inflammatory form of psoriasis that often affects most of the body surface. It is the least common form of psoriasis and most commonly appears on people who have unstable plaque psoriasis, where lesions are not clearly defined. The erythrodermic form of psoriasis is characterized by periodic, widespread, fiery redness of the skin. The erythema (reddening) and exfoliation (shedding) of the skin are often accompanied by severe itching and pain. Swelling may also develop.
Erythroleukemia
A form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) involving the cells that give rise to the erythrocytes (the red blood cells). In this type of leukemia, the body produces large numbers of abnormal, immature red blood cells. Erythroleukemia is classified as acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) of the M6 type.
Erythrophobia
An abnormal and persistent fear of blushing. Sufferers of erythrophobia experience undue anxiety even though they realize their fear is irrational. Their anxiety results from worry about being the focus of attention and the subject of embarrassment. Attempts to suppress blushing often have the opposite effect. Sufferers of erythrophobia tend to avoid social gatherings and workplace projects that require them to interact with, or speak before, groups of co-workers.
Erythroplakia
A reddened patch with a velvety surface found in the mouth.
Erythropoietin (EPO)
A hormone produced by the kidney that promotes the formation of red blood cells in the bone marrow. EPO is a glycoprotein (a protein with a sugar attached to it). Human EPO has a molecular weight of 34,000.
Erythropoietin test
Eschar
The scab formed when a wound or skin is sealed by the heat of cautery or burning. Also the dark crusted ulcer (tache noire) at the site of the chigger (mite larva) bite in scrub typhus.
Esophageal
Pertaining to the esophagus.
Esophageal speech
Speech produced with air trapped in the esophagus and forced out again. People with a laryngectomy (for example, for laryngeal cancer) may be taught to produce esophageal speech.
Esophageal stricture, acute
A narrowing or closure of the normal opening of the swallowing tube leading to the stomach, usually caused by scarring from acid irritation. Acute, complete obstruction of the esophagus occurs when food (usually meat) is lodged in the esophageal stricture. Patients experience chest pain, and are unable to swallow saliva. Attempts to relieve the obstruction by inducing vomiting at home are usually unsuccessful. Patients with complete esophageal obstruction can breathe, and are not at any risk of suffocation. Endoscopy is usually employed to retrieve the meat and relieve the obstruction.
Esophageal stricture, chronic
A longstanding narrowing or closure of the normal opening of the swallowing tube leading to the stomach, usually caused by scarring by acid irritation. Narrowing of the esophagus. A common complication of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Several procedures are available for stretching (dilating) the strictures without having to resort to surgery. One of the procedures involves placing a deflated balloon across the stricture at the time of endoscopy. The balloon is then inflated, thereby opening the narrowing caused by the stricture. Another method involves inserting tapered dilators of different sizes through the mouth into the esophagus to dilate the stricture.
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