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ECochG
ECochG Electrocochleography.
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Electrocochleography
A test that measures the electrical potentials generated in the inner ear in response to stimulation by sound. Electrocochleography may be done, for example, to confirm the diagnosis of Ménière disease. Abbreviated ECochG (or ECoG).
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Echinococcus
A tiny parasitic tapeworm. The larval stage of this tapeworm can cause human disease. There are three forms of Echinococcus that affect humans -- E. (Echinococcus) granulosus, E. multilocularis, and E. vogeli -- and each has a different geographic distribution and tends to cause a different pattern of disease. E. granulosus is common in areas where livestock is raised in association with dogs -- in Australia and New Zealand, Argentina and Chile, Africa, E. Europe, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean region, especially Lebanon and Greece -- and causes unilocular cysts. E. multilocularis is found in Alpine, sub-Arctic, or Arctic regions -- including Canada, the United States, and central and northern Europe and Asia -- and causes multilocular lung disease known as alveolar hydatid disease (AHD).
Echocardiography, stress
A supplement to the routine exercise cardiac stress test. During stress echocardiography, the sound waves of ultrasound are used to produce images of the heart at rest and at the peak of exercise. In a heart with normal blood supply, all segments of the left ventricle (the major pumping chamber of the heart) exhibit enhanced contractions of the heart muscle during peak exercise. Conversely, in the setting of coronary artery disease (CAD), if a segment of the left ventricle does not receive optimal blood flow during exercise, that segment will demonstrate reduced contractions of heart muscle relative to the rest of the heart on the exercise echocardiogram.
Echocardiography, transesophageal
A diagnostic test which is done through the esophagus and which employs ultrasound waves to make images of the heart chambers, valves and surrounding structures. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) may be used, for example, in the treatment of children having heart surgery. TEE has unusually accurate imaging capabilities that permit the identification of previously unidentified anatomic features and postoperative surgical results that may necessitate a change in surgical plan or surgical revision before the child leaves the operating suite.
Echovirus
A group of viruses found in the gastrointestinal tract. The "echo" part of the name stands for enteric cytopathic human orphan viruses. "Orphan" implied that they were viruses not associated with any disease. However, it is now known that echoviruses can cause a number of different diseases including rashes, diarrhea, respiratory infections (the common cold, sore throat, bronchitis, and bronchiolitis), myositis (muscle inflammation), meningitis, encephalitis, and pericarditis (inflammation of the membrane around the heart).
Eclosion
The emergence of an adult insect from its pupal case, or the hatching of an insect larva from an egg.
ECochG
ECoG
Electrocochleography.
Ecogenetics
The interaction of genetics with the environment. The genetic disease PKU (phenylketonuria) provides an illustration of ecogenetics. Persons with PKU lack an enzyme to process an amino acid (phenylalanine) and so require a special environment: a diet low in phenylalanine.
Economy class syndrome
The formation of blood clots in veins deep within the legs -- deep vein thrombosis -- occurring during (or just after) a long airplane flight, especially in economy class (tourist class) where there is the least space allotted per passenger and ones legs tend especially to be immobilized for lack of leg room.
Ecstatic
Pertaining to ecstasy, a state of rapture and trancelike elation.
ECT
Electroconvulsive therapy.
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