Cystitis, interstitial (IC)

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Cystitis, interstitial (IC)

Cystitis, interstitial (IC)

Disease that involves inflammation or irritation of the bladder wall. This inflammation can lead to scarring and stiffening of the bladder, and even ulcerations and bleeding. Diagnosis is based on symptoms, findings on cystoscopy and biopsy, and eliminating other treatable causes such as infection. Because doctors do not know what causes IC, treatments are aimed at relieving symptoms. Most people are helped for variable periods of time by one or a combination of treatments.

RELATED TERMS
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Disease
Illness or sickness often characterized by typical patient problems (symptoms) and physical findings (signs). Disruption sequence: The events that occur when a fetus that is developing normally is subjected to a destructive agent such as the rubella (German measles) virus.

Inflammation
A reaction to an injury to the body - by infection, chemicals or physical agents. The symptoms can be - depending on the location of the injury- redness, swelling, heat and pain. The purpose of the inflammation is to dilute and destroy the agent causing the inflammation. To do this, the immune system starts a cascade of actions that causes active cells to gather at the affected location. It is these cells and fluids that cause the redness, swelling, heat and pain.

Bladder
A muscular triangular-shaped, hollow organ located in the pelvic cavity and supported by the pelvic floor muscles. The bladder stretches to store urine and contracts to release urine.

Diagnosis
The determination of the presence of a specific disease or infection, usually accomplished by evaluating clinical symptoms and laboratory tests.

Cystoscopy
Procedure in which a viewing tube (cystoscope) is passed through the urethra to examine the inside of the bladder and ureters or to treat a disorder.

Biopsy
Surgical removal of a piece of tissue from a person for microscopic examination to make a diagnosis (eg to determine whether abnormal cells such as cancer cells are present).

Infection
Anything that invades the body and reproduces. Infections can be bacteria, protozoa, fungi, or viruses. Bacteria and fungi are one celled creatures that cause many infections including strep throat, bladder infections, and some lung infections. Fungi cause “athlete’s foot” and thrush, an infection in the mouth. Protozoa are small organisms with many cells that can cause infections in the guts or in the lungs. Most healthy people do not get protozoal infections, but people with suppressed immune systems can. Viruses are not really organisms; they are tiny particles that can live only inside another cell. They reproduce by taking over a cell and causing that cell to make more virus particles, rather than doing what the cell is supposed to do. Viruses cause most colds and flu cases.

SIMILAR TERMS
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Cyst
A soft or hard tissue sac, hard or filled with fluid

Cyst of the ovary, follicular
A fluid-filled sac in the ovary, the most common type of ovarian cyst. It results from the growth of a follicle. A follicle is the fluid-filled cyst that contains an egg. In some cycles, this follicle grows larger that normal and does not rupture to release the egg. Normally it resolves with simple observation over the course of days to months.

Cyst, Baker
A swelling in the space behind the knee (the popliteal space) composed of a membrane-lined sac filled with synovial fluid that has escaped from the joint.

Cyst, ovarian
A fluid-filled sac in the ovary. The most common type of ovarian cyst is called a follicular cyst. It results from the growth of a follicle. A follicle is the fluid-filled cyst that contains an egg. In some cycles, this follicle grows larger that normal and does not rupture to release the egg. Normally it resolves with simple observation over the course of days to months. Other types of ovarian cysts can contain blood (hemorrhagic or endometriod cysts).

Cyst, pilonidal
A special kind of abscess that occurs in the cleft between the buttocks. Forms frequently in adolescence after long trips that involve sitting.

Cyst, sebaceous
A sebaceous cyst is a rounded swollen area of the skin formed by an abnormal sac of retained excretion (sebum) from the sebaceous follicles.

Cyst, tarsal
Also called a chalazion or a Meibomian cyst, an inflammation of the oil gland of the eyelid.

Cystadane
Cystadane is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): betaine, anhydrous.

Cystagon
Cystagon is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): cysteamine bitartrate.

Cystatin C
A serum protein that is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and that serves as a measure of kidney function. Cystatin C is produced steadily by all types of nucleated cells in the body. Its low molecular mass allows it to be freely filtered by the glomerular membrane in the kidney. Its concentration in blood correlates with the glomerular filtration rate. The levels of cystatin C are independent of weight and height, muscle mass, age (over a year of age), and sex. Measurements can be made and interpreted from a single random sample. Cystatin C is a better marker of the glomerular filtration rate and hence of kidney function than creatinine which was the most commonly used measure of kidney function.

Cystectomy
Surgery to remove the bladder. Cystic fibrosis: A common genetic disease inherited as a recessive condition. Thick mucus can clog the lung passages and block the ducts of the pancreas in cystic fibrosis.

Cysteine
An amino acid, one of the 20 building blocks of protein. Cysteine can be synthesized by the body and is not essential to the diet. Its key chemical feature is a thiol group that contains sulfur. This thiol group can combine with the thiol group of another cysteine to form a disulfide bridge, which helps structural proteins and enzymes maintain their configuration. Two cysteine molecules linked by a disulfide bridge make up the amino acid cystine. The symbol for cysteine is Cys.

Cysteine hcl
Cysteine hcl is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): cysteine hydrochloride.

Cystic acne
"This is a type of localized infection (abscess) formed when oil ducts become clogged and infected. Cystic acne is most common in the teenage years. Treatment includes avoiding irritants on the face, including many cleansers and makeups; and in some severe cases steroid, antibiotic or other medications. Cystic acne can cause permanent scarring in severe cases and in those who are prone to forming keloids."

Cystic duct
The tube that carries bile from the gallbladder into the common bile duct and the small intestine.

Cystic duct obstruction
A blockage of the cystic duct, often caused by gallstones.

Cystic fibrosis
A disease that most commonly affects the lungs and digestive system, especially the pancreas. It causes the exocrine glands, which produce mucus and sweat, to produce abnormal secretions. CF causes the cells in the lung tissue to produce an abnormal amount of thick, sticky mucus that clogs the airways of the lungs, resulting in pulmonary obstructions and life-threatening bacterial infections.

Cystic periventricular leukomalacia
Softening of the white matter near the ventricles of the brain resulting in abnormal cysts. Cystic periventricular leukomalacia is a major problem in very premature infants.

Cysticercosis
An infection caused by the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. Infection occurs when the tapeworm larvae enter the body and form cysticerci (cysts). When cysticerci are found in the brain, the condition is called neurocysticercosis.

Cysticercus
The larval form of any of the Taenia tapeworms. The plural is cysticerci. Infection with cysticerci is referred to as cysticercosis.

Cystine
An amino acid that is particularly notable because it is the least soluble of all of the naturally occurring amino acids and because it precipitates out of solution in the genetic disease cystinuria to form stones in the urinary tract. Cystine is the chief sulfur-containing compound in protein. Cystine is generated by the union of two cysteine molecules and so is sometimes called dicysteine. It is abbreviated Cys-Cys.

Cystine kidney stones
Cystine kidney stones are due to cystinuria, an inherited (genetic) disorder of the transport of an amino acid (a building block of protein) called cystine that results in an excess of cystine in the urine (cystinuria) and the formation of cystine stones.

Cystine transport disease
Commonly known as cystinuria, this is an inherited (genetic) disorder of the transport of an amino acid (a building block of protein) called cystine resulting in an excess of cystine in the urine (cystinuria) and the formation of cystine stones.

Cystinosis
A genetic disease characterized by the widespread deposition of the amino acid cystine in cells due to a defect in cystine transport. (Cystine normally forms after protein degradation and is transported from structures called lysosomes into the cytoplasm. In cystinosis, cystine accumulates in the lysoosmes and eventually forms crystals throughout the body. Cystinosis is therefore a lysosomal storage disease.)

Cystinuria
An inherited (genetic) disorder of the transport of an amino acid (a building block of protein) called cystine resulting in an excess of cystine in the urine (cystinuria) and the formation of cystine stones.

Cystitis
Bladder infection. Cystitis is considered as benign if it is not associated with an upper urinary tract infection or pyelonephritis, although it is often painful and uncomfortable (burning sensation when urinating). Cystitis may recur and this must be taken into account, particularly in the event of pregnancy, when urinary stasis is common.

Cystitis in children
Bladder infection in children.

Cysto-conray
Cysto-conray is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): iothalamate meglumine.

Cysto-conray ii
Cysto-conray ii is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): iothalamate meglumine.

Cystocele
Condition in which weakened pelvic muscles cause the base of the bladder to drop from its usual position down into the vagina.

Cystografin
Cystografin is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diatrizoate meglumine.

Cystografin dilute
Cystografin dilute is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): diatrizoate meglumine.

Cystometry
Diagnostic procedure that measures bladder capacity and pressure changes as the bladder fills and empties.

Cystoscope
An instrument with a narrow tube with light at one end of an opening.

Cystoscopic examination
An examination of the urethra and urinary bladder with a cystoscope, an instrument with a narrow tube with light at one end of an opening.

Cystoscopy
Procedure in which a viewing tube (cystoscope) is passed through the urethra to examine the inside of the bladder and ureters or to treat a disorder.

Cystourethrocele
Condition that results when the urethra and its supporting tissues weaken and drop into the vagina leading to stress incontinence.

PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS
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Cystine kidney stones
Cystine kidney stones are due to cystinuria, an inherited (genetic) disorder of the transport of an amino acid (a building block of protein) called cystine that results in an excess of cystine in the urine (cystinuria) and the formation of cystine stones.

Cystine transport disease
Commonly known as cystinuria, this is an inherited (genetic) disorder of the transport of an amino acid (a building block of protein) called cystine resulting in an excess of cystine in the urine (cystinuria) and the formation of cystine stones.

Cystinosis
A genetic disease characterized by the widespread deposition of the amino acid cystine in cells due to a defect in cystine transport. (Cystine normally forms after protein degradation and is transported from structures called lysosomes into the cytoplasm. In cystinosis, cystine accumulates in the lysoosmes and eventually forms crystals throughout the body. Cystinosis is therefore a lysosomal storage disease.)

Cystinuria
An inherited (genetic) disorder of the transport of an amino acid (a building block of protein) called cystine resulting in an excess of cystine in the urine (cystinuria) and the formation of cystine stones.

Cystitis in children
Bladder infection in children.

Cystitis, interstitial (IC)

Cyte
A suffix denoting a cell.

Cyto
A combining form denoting a cell.

Cytogenetics
The study of chromosomes, the visible carriers of DNA, the hereditary material. Cytogenetics is a fusion science due to joining of cytology (the study of cells) with genetics (the study of inherited variation).

Cytogenetics, clinical
The application of cytogenetics to clinical medicine.

Cytokine
A small protein released by cells that has a specific effect on the interactions between cells, on communications between cells or on the behavior of cells. The cytokines includes the interleukins, lymphokines and cell signal molecules, such as tumor necrosis factor and the interferons, which trigger inflammation and respond to infections.

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This dictionary contains 25007 terms.

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