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Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery The use of extreme cold (usually liquid nitrogen) to destroy unwanted tissue (warts or cataracts or skin cancers).
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Cold
An upper respiratory infection.
Tissue
Biological tissue is a group of cells that perform a similar function.The study of tissues is known as histology, or, in connection with disease, histopathology.The classical tools for studying the tissues are the wax block, the tissue stain, and the optical microscope, though developments in electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and frozen sections have all added to the sum of knowledge in the last couple of decades.
Cataracts
Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence).
Skin
Skin is an organ of the integumentary system; which is composed of a layer of tissues that protect underlying muscles and organs. Skin is used for insulation, vitamin D production, sensation, and excretion (through sweat).
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Cryo-electron microscopy
An electron microscopic technique that involves freezing the biological sample in order to view the sample with the least possible distortion and the fewest possible artifacts. Abbreviated as cryo-EM.
Cryo-EM
Cryo-electron microscopy.
Cryocardioplegia
Paralysis of the heart by cold (hypothermia).
Cryoglobuliaemia
Phenomenon of precipitation of immunoglobulins in serum on exposure to cold. Associated with vasculitis and Raynaud's phenomenon.
Cryoglobulin
"An abnormal blood protein that has the unusual properties of precipitating from the blood serum when it is chilled (hence the ""cryo-"") and redissolving when it is rewarmed. Cryoglobulins are gamma globulins with a molecular weight of approximately 200,000. "
Cryoglobulinemia
The presence in blood of abnormal proteins called cryoglobulins that, by definition, have the unusual properties of precipitating from the blood serum when it is chilled and redissolving upon rewarming. (Cryoglobulins are gamma globulins with a molecular weight of approximately 200,000.)
Cryophobia
An abnormal and persistent fear of cold, including cold weather and cold objects. Sufferers from cryophobia experience anxiety even though they realize their fear is irrational. To avoid cold, they may live in a warm climate, dress more warmly than necessary, stay indoors on cold days, and avoid cold foods and ice cubes.
Cryopreservation
To preserve by freezing. Bone marrow harvested for an autologous BMT, for example, is cryopreserved.
Cryoprobe
A surgical probe, a long slender pointed surgical instrument, used to apply extreme cold to tissues.
Cryoprostatectomy
Freezing of the prostate through the use of liquid nitrogen probes guided by transrectal ultrasound of the prostate.
Cryoprotectant
A chemical component of a freezing solution used in cryopreservation (the process of cooling and storing cells, tissues, or organs at very low temperatures to maintain viability). The purpose of the cryoprotectant is to help protect what is being frozen from freeze damage.
Cryostat
A chamber that can maintain very low temperatures. Medical laboratories use a cryostat to preserve frozen tissue samples while a microtome, an extremely sharp cutting instrument mounted inside cryostats, slices the tissue into pieces thin enough to be observed under a microscope. The sliced piece must be so thin as to look nearly transparent. A pathologist, a laboratory doctor trained to identify evidence of disease in microscopic structures, then examines the slice to confirm or rule out the presence of a disease, such as cancer. Use of frozen tissue samples enables physicians to examine tissue and diagnose its condition more quickly than if the tissue had been preserved without freezing.
Cryothalamotomy
A surgical procedure in which a supercooled probe is inserted into a part of the brain called the thalamus in order to stop tremors.
Cryotherapy
Technique using liquid nitrogen, for example, to freeze warts and precancerous lesions.
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Coronary artery spasm
A sudden closing of an artery, which cuts off blood flow to the heart and causes symptom of angina or heart attack.
Coronary heart disease
A condition in which the coronary arteries narrow from an accumulation of plaque (atherosclerosis) and cause a decrease in blood flow.
Coronary occlusion
An obstruction of one of the coronary arteries that decreases flow to the heart muscle.
Coronary thrombosis
The formation of a clot in one of the arteries that carry blood to the heart muscle.
Cryopreservation
To preserve by freezing. Bone marrow harvested for an autologous BMT, for example, is cryopreserved.
Cryosurgery
Cryoprostatectomy
Freezing of the prostate through the use of liquid nitrogen probes guided by transrectal ultrasound of the prostate.
Cyanosis
Insufficient oxygen in the blood.
Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS)
Sudden, repeated attacks of severe vomiting (especially in children), nausea, and physical exhaustion with no apparent cause. Can last from a few hours to 10 days. The episodes begin and end suddenly. Loss of fluids in the body and changes in chemicals in the body can require immediate medical attention. Also called abdominal migraine.
Cystic duct
The tube that carries bile from the gallbladder into the common bile duct and the small intestine.
Cystic duct obstruction
A blockage of the cystic duct, often caused by gallstones.
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