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Conservative mutation
Conservative mutation A change in a DNA or RNA sequence that leads to the replacement of one amino acid with a biochemically similar one. It is conservative in the sense that it is not a radical change that might, for example, stop all protein production.
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Protein
Any of a group of complex organic compounds which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually sulfur, the characteristic element being nitrogen. Proteins, the principal constituents of the protoplasm of all cells, are of high molecular weight and consist essentially of combinations of a-amino acids in peptide linkages. Twenty different amino acids are commonly found in proteins, and each protein has a unique genetically defined amino acid sequence which determines its specific shape and function. Their roles include enzymatic catalysis, transport and storage, coordinated motion, nerve impulse generation and many others.
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Consanguinity
Having a common ancestor, ie, being blood relatives. Mating between two first cousins, for example, can be termed a consanguineous mating and is indicated in a pedigree by a double bar between the two parents. Such mating can result in an increased frequency of offspring who are *homozygous* for a recessive autosomal trait possessed by both parents, eg cystic fibrosis.
Conscious
Mentally awake and aware. Knowing what one is doing and why.
Conservator
An individual appointed by the court as guardian when a parent can't take care of his or her own child.
Conserved sequence
A base sequence in a DNA molecule (or an amino acid sequence in a protein) that has remained essentially unchanged, and so has been conserved, throughout evolution.
Consolidation therapy
Cancer treatment given after induction therapy to consolidate the gains obtained, further reduce the number of cancer cells and achieve a complete remission. Often just called consolidation. The overall sequence of therapy may be induction, consolidation, and maintenance therapy. Induction therapy is the initial step toward reducing the number of cancer cells. Consolidation is designed to further diminish the number of cancer cells and achieve a complete remission. Maintenance is given to maintain the remission and prevent a relapse.
Consorci Sanitari de Mataro
Consorci Sanitari de Mataro is a hospital in Mataro, Catalonia (Spain).
Constant region
The invariant carboxyl-terminal portion of an antibody molecule, as distinct from the variable region which is at the amino-terminal of the chain.
Constanta doctors
All doctors near Constanta, Romania. Doctors who can assist a patient in Constanta.
Constantiaberg
The Constantiaberg is a hospital in Cape Town, South Africa.
Constantine doctors
All doctors near Constantine, Algeria. Doctors who can assist a patient in Constantine.
Constilac
Constilac is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): lactulose.
Constipation
Infrequent or difficult evacuation of feces.
Constraint-induced movement therapy
A form of intensive physical therapy aimed at reorganizing and reprogramming the brain after a stroke, a traumatic brain injury, or spinal cord damage.
Constricted affect
Affect type that represents mild reduction in the range and intensity of emotional expression.
Constrictive Pericarditis
The pericardium is the sac around the heart. In some patients, this sac can become inflamed and scarred. If this scarring process produces a contracture or shrinkage of the pericardium, it can prevent the heart from filling to its full extent. This disease is known as constrictive pericarditis.
Constructional apraxia
An acquired difficulty in drawing two-dimensional objects or forms, or in producing or copying three-dimensional arrangements of forms or shapes.
Constulose
Constulose is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): lactulose.
Consultant
An individual to whom one refers for expert advice or services. The use of consultants is common in medicine.
Consumption
"1. Using up. 2. Wasting of the body; especially used in reference to advanced tuberculosis."
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Conn syndrome
Overproduction of the hormone aldosterone (pronounced al-do-ster-one) by a tumor that contains tissue resembling that normally present in the outer portion (cortex) of the adrenal gland. The excess aldosterone results in a potassium level (hypokalemia), underacidity of the body (alkalosis), muscle weakness, excessive thirst (polydipsia), excessive urination (polyuria), and high blood pressure (hypertension).
Connectionism
A theory of information processing within cognitive science (the study of the mind). Connectionism is based upon the known neurophysiology of the brain.
Connexin
A subunit of connexon, a protein that forms a gap junction, a channel that permits ions and small molecules to move between adjacent cells. The connexins are important to intercellular communication.
Connexon
"A special type of protein composed of an assembly of six subunits that are called connexins. A connexon of one cell is joined to that of an adjacent cell to form an intercellular channel consisting of 12 connexin subunits. Clusters of intercellular channels are known as a gap junction because of the minute extracellular ""gap"" that separates the apposed plasma membranes. Each intercellular channel provides an axial channel that interconnects the cytoplasm of the apposed cell directly and permits the passage of ion and other small molecules between adjacent cells."
Conotoxin
A toxin made by cone snails (Conidae), also called cone shells, which are fish-eating snails that inhabit tropical coral reefs, mangroves and associated habitats. Each of the 500 species of cone snail produces roughly 50 to 100 distinct conotoxins which they use to immobilize prey. These toxins are selective in their receptor binding sites. Conotoxins have been used to characterize receptors in heart muscle, skeletal muscle and brain. Calcium, potassium, and sodium ion channels have also been characterized using conotoxins.
Conservative mutation
Conserved sequence
A base sequence in a DNA molecule (or an amino acid sequence in a protein) that has remained essentially unchanged, and so has been conserved, throughout evolution.
Consolidation therapy
Cancer treatment given after induction therapy to consolidate the gains obtained, further reduce the number of cancer cells and achieve a complete remission. Often just called consolidation. The overall sequence of therapy may be induction, consolidation, and maintenance therapy. Induction therapy is the initial step toward reducing the number of cancer cells. Consolidation is designed to further diminish the number of cancer cells and achieve a complete remission. Maintenance is given to maintain the remission and prevent a relapse.
Constraint-induced movement therapy
A form of intensive physical therapy aimed at reorganizing and reprogramming the brain after a stroke, a traumatic brain injury, or spinal cord damage.
Consultant
An individual to whom one refers for expert advice or services. The use of consultants is common in medicine.
Contact dermatitis, allergic
Also called allergic contact eczema, this is a red, itchy, weepy reaction where the skin has come into contact with a substance that the immune system recognizes as foreign, such as poison ivy or certain preservatives in creams and lotions.
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