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Channelopathy
Channelopathy A disease involving dysfunction of an ion channel. Channelopathies are known that involve the ion channels for potassium, sodium, chloride and calcium. There are also channelopathies involving the acetylcholine receptor, the glycine receptor, and other receptors. Each channelopathy can play a role in a number of different diseases. For example, the calcium channelopathies include familial hemiplegic migraine, malignant hyperthermia (a rare but often fatal genetic condition during anesthesia), episodic ataxia type 2, spinocerebellar ataxia type 6, hypokalemic periodic paralysis type I, central core disease (a cause of the floppy baby syndrome), congenital night blindness and stationary night blindness.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Disease
Illness or sickness often characterized by typical patient problems (symptoms) and physical findings (signs). Disruption sequence: The events that occur when a fetus that is developing normally is subjected to a destructive agent such as the rubella (German measles) virus.
Dysfunction
Difficult function or abnormal function.
Sodium
A mineral found in most of the foods we eat. The largest source of dietary sodium comes from sodium chloride or table salt. Intake of sodium tends to increase the retention of water.
Calcium
Chemical element needed for healthy teeth, bones and nerves
Acetylcholine
The neurotransmitter substance at cholinergic synapses, which causes cardiac inhibition, vasodilation, gastrointestinal peristalsis, and other parasympathetic effects. It is liberated from preganglionic and postganglionic endings of parasympathetic fibers and from preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic as a result of nerve injuries, whereupon it acts as a transmitter on the effector organ; it is hydrolyzed into choline and acetic acid by acetylcholinesterase before a second impulse may be transmitted.
Receptor
A molecule that recognizes a unique hormone. Once that hormone is bound to the receptor, the information carried by the hormone can now exert its biological action.
Receptors
Areas on the outer part of a cell that allow the cell to join or bind with insulin that is in the blood.
Channelopathy
A disease involving dysfunction of an ion channel. Channelopathies are known that involve the ion channels for potassium, sodium, chloride and calcium. There are also channelopathies involving the acetylcholine receptor, the glycine receptor, and other receptors. Each channelopathy can play a role in a number of different diseases. For example, the calcium channelopathies include familial hemiplegic migraine, malignant hyperthermia (a rare but often fatal genetic condition during anesthesia), episodic ataxia type 2, spinocerebellar ataxia type 6, hypokalemic periodic paralysis type I, central core disease (a cause of the floppy baby syndrome), congenital night blindness and stationary night blindness.
Familial
A condition that is tends to occur more often in family members than expected by chance alone. A familial disease may be genetic (such as cystic fibrosis) or environmental (such as tuberculosis).
Migraine
A vascular headache associated with changes in the size of the arteries within and outside of the brain. A migraine begins when hyperactive nerve cells send out impulses to the blood vessels, causing constriction, followed by the dilation of these vessels and the release of prostaglandins, serotonin, and other inflammatory substances that cause the pulsation to be painful. Migraine is a genetic disorder that is inherited. A migraine causes mild to severe pain and lasts from 4 hours up to a week. Migraines usually occur 2 to 4 times per month.
Malignant
Cancerous; life-threatening.
Hyperthermia
The treatment of cancers with heat.
Genetic
Hereditary. Having to do with the genes.
Condition
The term "condition" has a number of biomedical meanings including the following: 1.An unhealthy state, such as in "this is a progressive condition." 2.A state of fitness, such as "getting into condition." 3.Something that is essential to the occurrence of something else; essentially a "precondition." 4.As a verb: to cause a change in something so that a response that was previously associated with a certain stimulus becomes associated with another stimulus; to condition a person, as in behavioral conditioning.
Ataxia
Ataxia is unsteady and clumsy motion of the limbs or trunk due to a failure of the fine coordination of muscle movements. The cerebellum is the center of the fine coordination of muscle movements, while the information emerging from it is carried to the muscles by the spinal cord and peripheral nerves, respectively. Therefore a disorder in either the spinal cord or in the peripheral nerves can cause ataxia.
Paralysis
Inability to move parts of the body.
Central
In anatomy and medicine (as elsewhere), central is the opposite of "peripheral" which means away from the center.
Congenital
Present at birth.
Blindness
Legal blindness is defined as: 1) visual acuity of 20/200 (only being able to see the big E on the eye chart) or less in the best eye even with the eyes corrected by glasses or contact lenses; or, 2) The peripheral visual field is reduced to 20 degrees of visual angle or less. Twenty degrees of visual angle is about the size of a one foot ruler held at arms length.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Chancre
The painless ulcer of primary syphilis that appears on the genitals.
Chancroid
A sexually transmitted disease that causes soft, painful open sores in the genital area. Not syphilis. Characterized by swelling of the sebaceous glands, resulting in pimples on the face, back and chest.
Chandan Nagar doctors
All doctors near Chandan Nagar, India. Doctors who can assist a patient in Chandan Nagar.
Chandigarh doctors
All doctors near Chandigarh, India. Doctors who can assist a patient in Chandigarh.
Chandipura virus
A virus that causes fever, symptoms similar to those of flu, and acute encephalitis (inflammation of the brain).
Chandler doctors
All doctors near Chandler, the United States of America. Doctors who can assist a patient in Chandler.
Chandrapur doctors
All doctors near Chandrapur, India. Doctors who can assist a patient in Chandrapur.
Changchun doctors
All doctors near Changchun, China. Doctors who can assist a patient in Changchun.
Changde doctors
All doctors near Changde, China. Doctors who can assist a patient in Changde.
Change, single base
A change in which a single base in the DNA differs from the usual base at that position. These single base changes are also called SNPs or "snips."
Changi General Hospital
The Changi General Hospital is a hospital in Singapore.
Changji doctors
All doctors near Changji, China. Doctors who can assist a patient in Changji.
Changsha doctors
All doctors near Changsha, China. Doctors who can assist a patient in Changsha.
Changweon doctors
All doctors near Changweon, South Korea. Doctors who can assist a patient in Changweon.
Changzhi doctors
All doctors near Changzhi, China. Doctors who can assist a patient in Changzhi.
Changzhou doctors
All doctors near Changzhou, China. Doctors who can assist a patient in Changzhou.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Chamber, anterior
The space in the eye that is behind the cornea and in front of the iris.
Chamber, posterior
The space in the eye behind the iris and in front of the lens. The iris is the colored ring of tissue that regulates the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil. The lens is the transparent biconvex body in the eye that refracts light.
Chamomile
An herb often used in the form of a tea as a sedative.
Chandipura virus
A virus that causes fever, symptoms similar to those of flu, and acute encephalitis (inflammation of the brain).
Change, single base
A change in which a single base in the DNA differs from the usual base at that position. These single base changes are also called SNPs or "snips."
Channelopathy
Chaperone
Any protein that is required for the proper folding or assembly of another protein or protein complex without being a component of the final structure.
Chapped lips
Dry, cracked or sore lips, usually in cold, windy, dry weather and less often in warm weather. Sun exposure can contribute to chapping of the lips. Licking or biting the lips does not help the situation.
Char syndrome
A genetic disorder characterized by patent ductus arteriosis and unusual facial features including a long philtrum (increase in the distance between the nose and upper lip), down-slanting palpebral fissures (eye slits), and thick lips as well as incurving fifth fingers.
Charbon
Known also as anthrax, charbon is a serious bacterial infection. It is not primarily a human disease but rather an infection of animals. Cattle, sheep, horses, mules, and some wild animals are highly susceptible. Humans (and swine) are generally resistant to anthrax. Anthrax can take different forms. With the lung form of the disease. People inhale the anthrax spores and, if untreated, are likely to die. An intestinal form is caused by eating meat contaminated with anthrax. But most human anthrax comes from skin contact with animal products. Cutaneous (skin) anthrax was once well known among people who handled infected animals, like farmers, woolsorters, tanners, brushmakers and carpetmakers in the days when the brushes and carpets were animal products. The hallmark of skin anthrax is a carbuncle, a cluster of boils, that ulcerates in an ugly way. Typically this lesion has a hard black center surrounded by bright red inflammation.
Charcot-Wilbrand syndrome
Loss of dreaming after a stroke. In more technical terms the syndrome is characterized by visual agnosia and the inability to revisualise images.
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