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Cerebral herniation
Cerebral herniation The abnormal protrusion of brain tissue through an opening when there is increased intracranial pressure (when the brain is under increased pressure). The increased pressure may be due to a number of causes including inflammation of the brain (as in meningitis), a tumor, hemorrhage, and edema (swelling of the brain). The tonsils of the cerebellum, for example, may be forced from their normal position (within the posterior fossa of the skull) through the foramen magnum into the vertebral canal. This is usually fatal.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Abnormal
Not normal. Deviating from the usual structure, position, condition, or behavior. In referring to a growth, abnormal may mean that it is cancerous or premalignant (likely to become cancer).
Brain
"That part of the central nervous system that is located within the cranium (skull). The brain functions as the primary receiver, organizer and distributor of information for the body. It has two (right and left) halves called ""hemispheres."" "
Tissue
Biological tissue is a group of cells that perform a similar function.The study of tissues is known as histology, or, in connection with disease, histopathology.The classical tools for studying the tissues are the wax block, the tissue stain, and the optical microscope, though developments in electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and frozen sections have all added to the sum of knowledge in the last couple of decades.
Intracranial
Within the skull.
Inflammation
A reaction to an injury to the body - by infection, chemicals or physical agents. The symptoms can be - depending on the location of the injury- redness, swelling, heat and pain. The purpose of the inflammation is to dilute and destroy the agent causing the inflammation. To do this, the immune system starts a cascade of actions that causes active cells to gather at the affected location. It is these cells and fluids that cause the redness, swelling, heat and pain.
Tumor
Overgrowth of tissue.
Hemorrhage
A general term for loss of blood, often profuse, brought about by injury to the blood vessels or by a deficiency of certain necessary blood elements such as platelets.
Edema
Accumulation of abnormal quantities of fluid in spaces between the cells of the body. Edema can accumulate in almost any location in the body. Most common sites include the feet and ankles.
Tonsils
Organs at the back of the throat that help the body fight off viral and bacterial infections; part of the immune system. No longer routinely removed when they become infected.
Cerebellum
A large structure consisting of two halves (hemispheres) located in the lower part of the brain; responsible for the coordination of movement and balance.
Posterior
At or toward the back.
Fossa
Valley found on the sutrpface of posterior teeth.
Foramen
A natural opening. Although a foramen is usually through bone, it can be an opening through other types of tissue, as with the foramen ovale in the heart. The plural of foramen is foramina.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Cerea flexibilitas
The "waxy flexibility" often present in catatonic schizophrenia in which the patient's arm or leg remains in the position in which it is placed.
Cerebellar
Pertaining to the cerebellum, the part of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the brain stem. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing and other complex motor functions.
Cerebellopontine angle
The angle between the cerebellum and the pons, a common site for the growth of acoustic neuromas.
Cerebellum
A large structure consisting of two halves (hemispheres) located in the lower part of the brain; responsible for the coordination of movement and balance.
Cerebral
Referring to the cerebrum.
Cerebral aneurysm
A localized widening of a vessel within the brain.
Cerebral arterial gas embolism (CAGE)
Gas bubbles traveling and lodging (embolizing) in the arteries that supply the brain with blood (and oxygen).
Cerebral calcification, nonarteriosclerotic
This syndrome is a genetic (inherited) neurological disorder characterized by abnormal deposits of calcium in certain of areas of the brain (including the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex). Symptoms may include motor function deterioration, dementia, mental retardation, spastic paralysis, dysarthria (poorly articulated speech), spasticity (stiffness of the limbs), ocular (eye) problems, and athetosis (involuntary, writhing movements).
Cerebral cortex
The external gray layer of the brain, the neocortex
Cerebral edema
Accumulation of excessive fluid in the substance of the brain. The brain is especially susceptible to injury from edema, because it is located within a confined space and cannot expand.
Cerebral embolism
A brain attack that occurs when a wandering clot (embolus) or some other particle forms in a blood vessel away from the brain -- usually in the heart.
Cerebral Embolism
A common cause of stroke - an embolus that has moved through the blood stream and obstructs an artery leading to the brain.
Cerebral fornix
An arching fibrous band in the brain connecting the two lobes of the cerebrum. (The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and consists of two hemispheres separated by a deep longitudinal fissure). Each fornix in the brain is an arched tract of nerves.
Cerebral hemispheres
The two halves of the cerebrum, the largest part of the brain.
Cerebral hemorrhage
A type of stroke occurs when a defective artery in the brain bursts, flooding the surrounding tissue with blood.
Cerebral infarct
A localised area of cell death in the brain due to inadequate blood flow.
Cerebral palsy
A variety of disorders resulting from damage to the brain before or during birth or in the first few years of life. Extent of motor involvement varies greatly, from a sight limp or as profound as paralysis, spasticity or speech problems, as well as associated disorders of learning problems, sensory deficits, convulsive and behavioral disturbances of organic origin.
Cerebral thrombosis
The most common type of brain attack, it occurs when a blood clot (thrombus) forms and blocks blood flow in an artery bringing blood to part of the brain.
Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)
The medical term used to describe a stroke
Cerebral ventricle
One of a system of four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord.
Cerebritis
Inflammation of the brain.
Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome
A genetic disorder, which is also called the Zellweger syndrome, characterized by the reduction or absence of peroxisomes (cell structures that rid the body of toxic substances) in the cells of the liver, kidneys, and brain. Zellweger syndrome is one of a group of disorders called the leukodystrophies, all of which affect the myelin sheath, the fatty covering which acts as an insulator on nerve fibers in the brain.
Cerebrospinal
Relating to the brain and the spinal cord.
Cerebrospinal fluid
The clear fluid made in the ventricular cavities of the brain that bathes the brain and spinal cord. It circulates through the ventricles and the subarachnoid space.
Cerebrovascular
Pertaining to blood vessels in the brain.
Cerebrovascular accident
Apoplexy or stroke; an impeded blood supply to the brain.
Cerebrovascular Disease
Damage to the blood vessels in the brain, resulting in a stroke. The blood vessels become blocked because of fat deposits or they become thick and hard, blocking the flow of blood to the brain. Sometimes, the blood vessels may burst, resulting in a hemorrhagic stroke. People with diabetes are at higher risk of cerebrovascular disease.
Cerebrovascular disease
1. A general term for any disease of the blood vessels and, especially, the arteries that supply the brain. 2. Specifically, a synonym for atherosclerosis of the arteries that supply the brain. 3. Even more specifically, a synonym for a stroke.
Cerebrovascular ferrocalcinosis
A condition that is a genetic (inherited) neurological disorder characterized by abnormal deposits of calcium in certain of areas of the brain (including the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex).
Cerebrovascular occlusion
An obstruction in the blood vessel in the brain.
Cerebrum
Consists of two parts (lobes), left and right, which form the largest and most developed part of the brain; initiation and coordination of all voluntary movement take place within the cerebrum. The basal ganglia are located immediately below the cerebrum.
Cerebyx
Cerebyx is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): fosphenytoin sodium.
Ceredase
Ceredase is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): alglucerase.
Ceretec
Ceretec is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): technetium tc-99m exametazime kit.
Cerezyme
Cerezyme is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) approved in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): imiglucerase.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Cerebral arterial gas embolism (CAGE)
Gas bubbles traveling and lodging (embolizing) in the arteries that supply the brain with blood (and oxygen).
Cerebral calcification, nonarteriosclerotic
This syndrome is a genetic (inherited) neurological disorder characterized by abnormal deposits of calcium in certain of areas of the brain (including the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex). Symptoms may include motor function deterioration, dementia, mental retardation, spastic paralysis, dysarthria (poorly articulated speech), spasticity (stiffness of the limbs), ocular (eye) problems, and athetosis (involuntary, writhing movements).
Cerebral edema
Accumulation of excessive fluid in the substance of the brain. The brain is especially susceptible to injury from edema, because it is located within a confined space and cannot expand.
Cerebral fornix
An arching fibrous band in the brain connecting the two lobes of the cerebrum. (The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and consists of two hemispheres separated by a deep longitudinal fissure). Each fornix in the brain is an arched tract of nerves.
Cerebral hemispheres
The two halves of the cerebrum, the largest part of the brain.
Cerebral herniation
Cerebral ventricle
One of a system of four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord.
Cerebritis
Inflammation of the brain.
Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome
A genetic disorder, which is also called the Zellweger syndrome, characterized by the reduction or absence of peroxisomes (cell structures that rid the body of toxic substances) in the cells of the liver, kidneys, and brain. Zellweger syndrome is one of a group of disorders called the leukodystrophies, all of which affect the myelin sheath, the fatty covering which acts as an insulator on nerve fibers in the brain.
Cerebrovascular disease
1. A general term for any disease of the blood vessels and, especially, the arteries that supply the brain. 2. Specifically, a synonym for atherosclerosis of the arteries that supply the brain. 3. Even more specifically, a synonym for a stroke.
Cerebrovascular ferrocalcinosis
A condition that is a genetic (inherited) neurological disorder characterized by abnormal deposits of calcium in certain of areas of the brain (including the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex).
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