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Carb
Carb Slang for carbohydrate. Mainly sugars and starches, together constituting one of the three principal types of nutrients used as energy sources (calories) by the body. Carbohydrates can also be defined chemically as neutral compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
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Carbohydrate
One of the three main classes of foods and a source of energy. Carbohydrates are mainly sugars and starches that the body breaks down into glucose (a simple sugar that the body can use to feed its cells). The body also uses carbohydrates to make a substance called glycogen that is stored in the liver and muscles for future use. If the body does not have enough insulin or cannot use the insulin it has, which are the basic problems in most forms of diabetes, then the body will not be able to use carbohydrates for energy the way it should.
Nutrients
Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals provided by food and necessary for growth and the maintenance of life.
Carbohydrates
A type of food, usually derived from plants; one of three nutrients that supply calories to the body; includes simple carbohydrates (sugar, fruit) and complex carbohydrates (vegetables, starches).
Oxygen
A chemical element essential for sustaining life.
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Cannula
Simply a slender tube that can be inserted into a body cavity or duct. During the insertion of the cannula, its lumen (interior) is usually occupied by a trocar, a solid shaft, to stiffen it.
CAPD
Central auditory processing disorder.
Caps
Abbreviation for capsules. One of a number of hallowed abbreviations of terms that have traditionally been used in prescriptions.
Capsid
The protein coat of a virus.
Car booster seat
A car seat for a child who has outgrown both an infant seat and a toddler seat.
Carb
Carbo-loading
An eating routine used by some athletes that involves downing large amounts of carbohydrates several days before a potentially exhausting endurance event. Carbo-loading has no known potential benefits for anyone except athletes under these special circumstances.
Carbohydrate intake, infant
Carbohydrates (glucose, lactose, sucrose, galactose, etc.) are sugars or several sugars linked together. Carbohydrates provide energy (calories) for the brain tissues, muscles, and other organs.
Carbolic acid
A synonym of phenol. In dilute solution, an antimicrobial agent.
Carbon dioxide content
A measure of the bicarbonate level in the blood. The normal carbon dioxide content may vary somewhat from one laboratory to another.
Carbon monoxide poisoning
Poisoning with carbon monoxide, a tasteless odorless gas that is a byproduct of combustion. Carbon monoxide acts as a poison by competing with oxygen for binding sites on hemoglobin, the molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the more remote tissues of the body and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. On inhalation, carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin with a binding affinity 200--270 times greater than that of oxygen.
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