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Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase
Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase A genetic type of immunodeficiency characterized by failure to produce mature B lymphocytes and gamma globulin, due to mutation (change) in the agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase gene situated on the X chromosome (in the region Xq21.3-q22). The disorder is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait.
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Genetic Hereditary. Having to do with the genes.
Mutation A change in DNA that alters a gene and thus the gene's product, leading in some cases to deformity or disease. Mutations can occur spontaneously during cell division or can be triggered by environmental stresses, such as sunlight, radiation, and chemicals.
Agammaglobulinemia Total or near-total absence of gamma globulin, a protein fraction of the blood rich in antibodies, due to certain genetic diseases such as Bruton agammaglobulinemia or to acquired diseases such as HIV/AIDS.
Tyrosine The amino acid from which dopamine is made.
Gene 1. A unit of DNA that carries information for the biosynthesis of a specific product in the cell. 2. Ultimate unit by which inheritable characteristics are transmitted to succeeding generations in all living organisms. Genes are contained by, and arranged along the length of, the chromosome. The gene is composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Each chromosome of each species has a definite number and arrangement of genes, which govern both the structure and metabolic functions of the cells and thus of the entire organism.
Chromosome A structural unit within a eukaryotic nucleus that carries genes. A chromosome consists of a long, continuous strand of DNA and associated proteins.
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Brown fat Brown adipose tissue, a rapid source of energy for infants in whom it forms about 5% of their body weight. It is brown because the cells in it are packed full of small cellular organs called mitochondria, which are energy factories, and it has a rich supply of blood vessels. Brown fat is virtually gone by adulthood.
Brown syndrome An ophthalmology (eye) problem. Brown syndrome is an abnormality that is present at birth (congenitally) and is characterized by an inability to elevate the eyeball when trying to move the eyeball to the outside. Brown syndrome can also occur because of other conditions which affect the normal function of the eye muscles.
Bruce protocol A standardized multistage treadmill test for assessing cardiovascular health.
Brucellosis An infectious disease due to the bacteria Brucella that causes rising and falling (undulant) fevers, sweats, malaise, weakness, anorexia, headache, myalgia (muscle pain) and back pain.
Brunhilde virus Type 1 poliovirus. Named after a female chimpanzee from which it was first isolated. There are two other strains of poliovirus: Type 2 (known as the Lansing virus) and Type 3 (known as the Leon virus). Immunity to one strain does not provide protection against the other two. All three strains are therefore included in the poliovirus vaccine.
Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase
BSA Body surface area.
BSL 1. Biosafety level, as in a BSL-4 laboratory. 2.Biohazard safety level. 3.Blood sugar level.
BSL-1 Biosafety level 1. The lowest level of biosafety, a level that applies to agents that do not ordinarily cause human disease.
BSL-2 Biosafety level 2. A level of biosafety considered appropriate for agents that can cause human disease, but whose potential for transmission is limited.
BSL-3 Biosafety level 3. A level of biosafety considered appropriate for agents that may be transmitted by the respiratory route which can cause serious infection.
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