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Bipolar cell
Bipolar cell Key interneurons in the retina. Antagonistic center-surround receptive field organization. Makes excitatory connections to ganglion cells.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Retina
A membrane lining the inside of the back of the eye that contains light-sensitive nerve cells that convert focused light into nerve impulses, making vision possible.
Center-surround
A type of spatial receptive field structure in which the central region of the receptive field and the Surround portion influence cell activities in different ways e.g. ON-center, OFF-Surround
Ganglion
A cluster of nerve cells.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Bipolar affective disorder
A psychiatric disorder in which the affected person has both depressed and happy, energetic (manic) episodes. This is a newer term for manic-depressive disorder.
Bipolar disease
Manic-depressive disease. See: Bipolar disorder.
Bipolar disorder
Also known as manic-depressive illness, a mental illness involving episodes of serious mania and depression. The person's mood usually swings from overly "high" and irritable to sad and hopeless and then back again, with periods of normal mood in between. Periods of abnormal mood and associated physiologic changes last for at least 2 weeks.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Binocular overlap
The segment of the optic array sampled by both eyes.
Binocular rivalry
Occurs when the two eyes are presented with different stimuli. Instead of seeing a summation of the two images, our perception switches from one image to the other.
Binocular zone
The central region of the visual field from which light enter both eyes.
Binoptic stimulation
When the same image is presented to each eye.
Bioluminescence
The emission of light by organisms.
Bipolar cell
Blind spot
The location where optic nerve fibers leave the retina. This area has no photoreceptors and therefore no visual input. The cortex appears to fill-in this missing information so we are not conscious of the blind spot.
Blindsight
A phenomenon reported in individuals suffering from cortical blindness (i.e. damage to the primary visual cortex resulting in blindness). Individuals with blindsight report that they are unable to see, yet under forced choice conditions are able to indicate the presence and location of visually presented objects.
Block artifacts
Visual artifacts created when an image compressed with an algorithm using block coding is reconstructed.
Block coding
Any image processing technique which begins by subdividing the image into blocks.
Bregman-Kanizsa display
A display which suggests that the presence of visible occluders permits amodal completion which aid figure-ground segmentation and object recognition.
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