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Baseline assessment
Baseline assessment
Assessment of subjects as they enter a trial and before they receive any treatment.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Base
A chemical compound that either donates hydroxide ions or absorbs hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Bases and acids are referred to as opposites because the effect of an acid is to increase the hydronium ion concentration in water, whereas bases reduce this concentration. Arrhenius bases are water-soluble and always have a pH greater than 7 in solution.
Base (dentistry)
The dentistry sense of base is cement placed under a dental restoration to insulate the pulp (nerve chamber)
Base excision repair
A process of DNA repair in which an altered base is excised (removed) by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is then filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Abbreviated BER.
Base in DNA
A unit of the DNA. There are 4 bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). The sequence of bases (for example, CAG) is the genetic code.
Base of tongue
The back third of the tongue. In contrast to the anterior tongue, which is the front two-thirds of the tongue. The distinction between the anterior and base of the tongue reflects the fact that they are of different embryological origin. The distinction also matters as regards cancer. See: Tongue cancer.
Base pair
Two DNA bases complementary to one another (A and T or G and C) that join the complementary strands of DNA to form the double helix characteristic of DNA.
Base sequence
The order of the nucleotide bases -- adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) -- in a DNA molecule.
Base sequence analysis
A method for determining the order of nucleotide bases in DNA.
Base, pressor
A pressor base is a substance chemically classified as a base (or amine) that is capable of raising the blood pressure.
Base-excision repair
See: Base excision repair.
Basel doctors
All doctors near Basel, Switzerland. Doctors who can assist a patient in Basel.
Baseline
1. Information gathered at the beginning of a study from which variations found in the study are measured. 2. A known value or quantity with which an unknown is compared when measured or assessed. 3. The initial time point in a clinical trial, just before a participant starts to receive the experimental treatment which is being tested. At this reference point, measurable values such as CD4 count are recorded. Safety and efficacy of a drug are often determined by monitoring changes from the baseline values.
Basement membrane
A thin membrane upon which is posed a single layer of cells. The basement membrane is made up of proteins held together by type IV collagen. The epithelial cells are anchored with hemidesmosome to the basement membrane. The end result resembles a layer of tiles attached to a thin sheet.
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Bubo
A swollen, infected lymph node (especially in the groin). The node may enlarge enough that it begins to drain through the skin.
Brain stem evoked response
A test for evaluating hearing loss in certain circumstances.ÿ Electrodes attached to the skull monitor the brain?s response to sound.
Blood brain barrier
A protective barrier formed by the blood vessels and glia of the brain. It prevents some substances in the blood from entering brain tissue.
Balanced
Study trial in which a particular type of subject is equally represented in each study group.
Baseline assessment
Bayesian approaches (statistics)
Approaches to data analysis that provide a posterior probability distribution for some parameter (for example, treatment effect), derived from the observed data and a prior probability distribution for the parameter. The posterior distribution is then used as the basis for statistical inference.
Beta error (statistics)
See Type 2 error.
Between-subject variation
In a parallel trial design, differences between subjects are used to assess treatment differences.
Bioavailability
Rate and extent to which a drug is absorbed or is otherwise available to the treatment site in the body.
Bioequivalence
Scientific basis on which generic and brand-name drugs are compared. To be considered bioequivalent, the bioavailability of two products must not differ significantly when the two products are given in studies at the same dosage under similar conditions.
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