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Baseline
Baseline 1. Information gathered at the beginning of a study from which variations found in the study are measured. 2. A known value or quantity with which an unknown is compared when measured or assessed. 3. The initial time point in a clinical trial, just before a participant starts to receive the experimental treatment which is being tested. At this reference point, measurable values such as CD4 count are recorded. Safety and efficacy of a drug are often determined by monitoring changes from the baseline values.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Clinical
That which can be observed in patients. Research that uses patients to test new treatments, as opposed to laboratory testing or research in animals.
Safety
relative freedom from harm; in clinical trials, this refers to an absence of harmful side effects resulting from use of the product and may be assessed by laboratory testing of biological samples, special tests and procedures, psychiatric evaluation, and/or physical examination of subjects.
Monitoring
The act of overseeing the progress of a clinical trial, and of ensuring that it is conducted, recorded, and reported in accordance with the protocol, standard operating procedures (S0Ps), good clinical practice (GCP), and the applicable regulatory requirement(s).
Baseline
1. Information gathered at the beginning of a study from which variations found in the study are measured. 2. A known value or quantity with which an unknown is compared when measured or assessed. 3. The initial time point in a clinical trial, just before a participant starts to receive the experimental treatment which is being tested. At this reference point, measurable values such as CD4 count are recorded. Safety and efficacy of a drug are often determined by monitoring changes from the baseline values.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Base
A chemical compound that either donates hydroxide ions or absorbs hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Bases and acids are referred to as opposites because the effect of an acid is to increase the hydronium ion concentration in water, whereas bases reduce this concentration. Arrhenius bases are water-soluble and always have a pH greater than 7 in solution.
Base (dentistry)
The dentistry sense of base is cement placed under a dental restoration to insulate the pulp (nerve chamber)
Base excision repair
A process of DNA repair in which an altered base is excised (removed) by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is then filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Abbreviated BER.
Base in DNA
A unit of the DNA. There are 4 bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). The sequence of bases (for example, CAG) is the genetic code.
Base of tongue
The back third of the tongue. In contrast to the anterior tongue, which is the front two-thirds of the tongue. The distinction between the anterior and base of the tongue reflects the fact that they are of different embryological origin. The distinction also matters as regards cancer. See: Tongue cancer.
Base pair
Two DNA bases complementary to one another (A and T or G and C) that join the complementary strands of DNA to form the double helix characteristic of DNA.
Base sequence
The order of the nucleotide bases -- adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) -- in a DNA molecule.
Base sequence analysis
A method for determining the order of nucleotide bases in DNA.
Base, pressor
A pressor base is a substance chemically classified as a base (or amine) that is capable of raising the blood pressure.
Base-excision repair
See: Base excision repair.
Basel doctors
All doctors near Basel, Switzerland. Doctors who can assist a patient in Basel.
Baseline assessment
Assessment of subjects as they enter a trial and before they receive any treatment.
Basement membrane
A thin membrane upon which is posed a single layer of cells. The basement membrane is made up of proteins held together by type IV collagen. The epithelial cells are anchored with hemidesmosome to the basement membrane. The end result resembles a layer of tiles attached to a thin sheet.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Base pair
Two DNA bases complementary to one another (A and T or G and C) that join the complementary strands of DNA to form the double helix characteristic of DNA.
Base sequence
The order of the nucleotide bases -- adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) -- in a DNA molecule.
Base sequence analysis
A method for determining the order of nucleotide bases in DNA.
Base, pressor
A pressor base is a substance chemically classified as a base (or amine) that is capable of raising the blood pressure.
Base-excision repair
See: Base excision repair.
Baseline
Basement membrane
A thin membrane upon which is posed a single layer of cells. The basement membrane is made up of proteins held together by type IV collagen. The epithelial cells are anchored with hemidesmosome to the basement membrane. The end result resembles a layer of tiles attached to a thin sheet.
Basic Local Alignment Search Tool
Abbreviated BLAST. A computer program that identifies homologous genes in different organisms (such as worms, the fruit fly, mice, and humans). Homologous genes are genes in different species that share similar structures and functions.
Basilar
Located at or near the base of a structure, especially the base of the skull. For example, a basilar fracture is a break in the bone at the base of the skull and can be life-threatening.
Basilar fracture
A break in bone at the base of the skull. About a half of basilar fractures are caused by bicycle or motor vehicle accidents, about a quarter by falls, and a tenth by recreational activities, particularly by diving accidents. The balance are due to other causes. No matter what cause, the risk of death with a basilar fracture is appreciable. The term basilar means located at or near the base of a structure, especially the skull.
Baskerville effect
"A fatal heart attack triggered by extreme psychological stress. The effect is named after Charles Baskerville, a character in the Arthur Conan Doyle story ""The Hound of the Baskervilles,"" who suffers a fatal heart attack due to extreme psychological stress. "
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