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Anteroposterior (AP)
Anteroposterior (AP) In anatomy, AP stands for anteroposterior: from front-to-back. For example, an AP X-ray of the chest is taken from front-to-back. AP in this respect is the opposite of PA, which stands for posteroanterior: from back-to-front.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Anatomy
The study of form. Gross anatomy involves structures that can be seen with the naked eye. It is as opposed to microscopic anatomy (or histology) which involves structures seen under the microscope.
Anteroposterior
From front to back. When a chest x-ray is taken with the back against the film plate and the x-ray machine in front of the patient it is called an anteroposterior (AP) view. As opposed to from back to front (which is called posteroanterior).
X-ray
Electromagnetic energy used to produce images of bones and internal organs onto film.
Chest
The area of the body located between the neck and the abdomen. The chest contains the lungs, the heart and part of the aorta. The walls of the chest are supported by the dorsal vertebrae, the ribs, and the sternum.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Ante mortem
Before death.
Antean
Exceptionally strong or large. A multi-vitamin pill may, for example, be of Antean proportions.
Antegrade
Forward-moving. As in blood flow. Sometimes synonymous with anterograde.
Antegrade amnesia
Amnesia in which the loss of memory relates to events that occur after a traumatic event. There is inability to recall new information. Old information can be recalled. Antegrade amnesia may follow brain trauma. Also called anterograde amnesia. This type of amnesia is in contrast to retrograde amnesia in which the lack of memory relates to events that occurred before a traumatic event.
Antelope Valley Hospital Medical Center
Antelope Valley Hospital Medical Center is a hospital in Lancaster, California (USA).
Antenatal surgery
The surgical treatment of the fetus before birth. Also called prenatal surgery or, most often, fetal surgery.
Antepar
Antepar is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): piperazine citrate.
Antepartum
Occurring before delivery of a baby.
Anterior
The front, as opposed to the posterior. The anterior surface of the heart is toward the breast bone (the sternum).
Anterior chamber
"The space in the eye that is behind the cornea and in front of the iris. The cornea is the outer, transparent, dome-like structure that covers the iris, pupil, and the anterior chamber. The iris is the colored ring of tissue suspended behind the cornea and immediately in front of the lens; it regulates the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil. The anterior chamber is filled with a watery fluid known as the aqueous humor, or aqueous. Produced by a structure alongside the lens called the ciliary body, the aqueous passes first into the posterior chamber (between the lens and iris) and then flows forward through the pupil into the anterior chamber of the eye."
Anterior cruciate injury
A knee injury involving the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The ACL runs diagonally across the front of the knee from the underside of the femur (the thigh bone) to the top of the tibia (the bigger bone in the lower leg).
Anterior cruciate ligament
ligament in the knee that crosses from the underside of the femur (the thigh bone) to the top of the tibia (the bigger bone in the lower leg). Abbreviated ACL. Injuries to the ACL can occur in a number of situations, including sports, and can be quite serious, requiring surgery.
Anterior pituitary
The front portion of the pituitary, a small gland in the head called the master gland. Hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary influence growth, sexual development, skin pigmentation, thyroid function, and adrenocortical function. These influences are exerted through the effects of pituitary hormones on other endocrine glands except for growth hormone which acts directly on cells. The effects of underfunction of the anterior pituitary include growth retardation (dwarfism) in childhood and a decrease in all other endocrine gland functions normally under the control of the anterior pituitary (except the parathyroid glands). The results of overfunction of the anterior pituitary include overgrowth (gigantism) in children and a condition called acromegaly in adults.
Anterior position
When the baby faces the back of the mother's pelvis in utero and/or during labor.
Anterior teeth
The six upper or six lower front teeth.
Anterior tongue
The front two-thirds of the tongue. In contrast to the base of the tongue, which is the back third. The distinction between the anterior and base of the tongue reflects the fact that they are of different embryological origin. The distinction also matters as regards cancer. See: Tongue cancer.
Antero-
Prefix signifying before, earlier, front. From the Latin anterior meaning before.
Anterograde
Moving forward or extending forward. Anterograde memory is memory for what occurs after an event such as an accident. Also called antegrade. From the Latin antero- + gredior (to step or go).
Anterograde amnesia
See: Antegrade amnesia.
Anterograde memory
Loss of short-term memory with retention of memories from the distant past (long-term memory).
Anteroposterior
From front to back. When a chest x-ray is taken with the back against the film plate and the x-ray machine in front of the patient it is called an anteroposterior (AP) view. As opposed to from back to front (which is called posteroanterior).
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Antero-
Prefix signifying before, earlier, front. From the Latin anterior meaning before.
Anterograde
Moving forward or extending forward. Anterograde memory is memory for what occurs after an event such as an accident. Also called antegrade. From the Latin antero- + gredior (to step or go).
Anterograde amnesia
See: Antegrade amnesia.
Anterograde memory
Loss of short-term memory with retention of memories from the distant past (long-term memory).
Anteroposterior
From front to back. When a chest x-ray is taken with the back against the film plate and the x-ray machine in front of the patient it is called an anteroposterior (AP) view. As opposed to from back to front (which is called posteroanterior).
Anteroposterior (AP)
Anthophobia
An abnormal and persistent fear of flowers. Sufferers experience anxiety even though they realize they face no threat from flowers. Any genus or species of flowers can instill fear, as can any flower part, such as a petal or stem.
Anthracycline
"A member of a family of chemotherapy drugs that are also antibiotics. The anthracyclines act to prevent cell division by disrupting the structure of the DNA and terminate its function. They do so in two ways: (1) they intercalate into the base pairs in the DNA minor grooves; and (2) they cause free radical damage of the ribose in the DNA. The anthracyclines are frequently used in leukemia therapy. The anthracyclines include daunorubicin (Cerubidine), doxorubicin (Adriamycin, Rubex), epirubicin (Ellence, Pharmorubicin), and idarubicin (Idamycin)."
Anthrax immunization
A series of six shots over six months and booster shots annually.
Anthrax toxin
The toxic substance secreted by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of the disease anthrax.
Anthropology, forensic
See: Forensic anthropology.
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