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Anserine bursa
Anserine bursa Bursa lying medial to the knee.
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Bursa
A fluid-filled sac. They are found between tissue planes where shearing forces may act - e.g. at the knee and elbow. They are lined by synovium and contain synovial fluid - like the joint. Bursitis occurs when they are inflamed.
Medial
Anatomical term meaning on the inside (as opposed to lateral). Not to be confused with median (nerve) that is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome.
Knee
The complex hinge joint of the upper and lower leg involving the femur, tibia and patella.
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ACD
Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum. Fabry's disease. X-linked recessive inheritance. Caused by accumulation of triglycosylceramide in blood vessels and autonomic nervous system.
Ankylosing hyperostosis
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. (DISH, Forestier's disease). Florid new bone formation at entheses results in spinal stiffness. May be confused with ankylosing spondylitis.
Aneurysmal bone cyst
A rare bone tumour which usually occurs in the teens and often in the spine. Locally destructive.
Ankylosis
Fusion - may be bony as in Ankylosing spondylitis.
Annulus fibrosis
Tough outer layer of intervertebral disc.
Anserine bursa
Antalgic gait
Gait in which patient reduces weight-bearing on painful joint or limb. (Pain-avoiding gait).
Antibodies
Proteins produced by white blood cells. They confer immunity.
Anticardiolipin antibody
Autoantibody to component of cell membrane. May occur in connective tissue disease such as SLE or independently. May give rise to Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (Hughes' syndrome) - livedo reticularis, thrombocytopenia, arterial and venous thromboses and recurrent spontaneous abortion.
Antikeratin antibody
Autoantibody detected using rat oesophagus as substrate in laboratory. Presence in human serum is a reasonable specific marker for rheumatoid arthritis but is not very sensitive.
Anti-La
Autoantibody - marker for Sjogren's syndrome and other connective tissue disorders but not specific. Also known as anti-SSB.
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