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Aniridia
Aniridia A hereditary eye problem in which the iris, the colored part of the eye, is absent. There is poor vision, sensitivity to sunlight, nystagmus, and a tendency to develop glaucoma.
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Hereditary
Transmitted from parent to offspring; derived from ancestry.
Iris
The colored part of the eye with a hole (pupil) in the center. It regulates the amount of light entering the eye – the dimmer the lighting the more light the iris lets into the eye by widening the pupil.
Eye
The organ of sight. The eye has a number of components. These components include but are not limited to the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina, macula, optic nerve, choroid and vitreous.
Vision
The sense of sight.
Sensitivity
1. The reciprocal of the minimum stimulus strength required for the stimulus to be detected reliably (1/threshold) May be related to noise and other mechanisms.
2. Physiologically measured sensitivity averaged over many stimulus/response cycles. A measure of gain. Noise free.
Nystagmus
Nystagmus is a rhythmic, repetitive, oscillatory eye movement. It may occur as a result of vestibular problems, as a result of visual problems, or as a result of certain brain stem or cerebellar abnormalities. Vestibular Nystagmus is characterized by a slow migration of the eyes in the wrong direction, followed by a sudden jerking back response.
Glaucoma
A disease of the eye marked by increased pressure within the eyeball. If left untreated, glaucoma can damage the optic nerve and cause loss of vision
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Achromatopsia
Characterized by a lack of color vision with poor visual acuity, nystagmus, and sensitivity to sunlight. No treatment is available except, for example, sunglasses for the sensitivity to light.
Age Related Macular Degeneration
The most common form of macular degeneration is Age-related Macular Degeneration (ARMD). It is believed that one contributing factor of ARMD is excessive light exposure over a person’s lifetime. Limiting excessive light exposure (e.g., wearing sunglasses and a hat outside) and a diet rich in antioxidants as well as zinc may prevent or retard the development of ARMD. In general, the lighter a person’s complexion the greater the risk of ARMD.
Albinism
A hereditary condition in which darker pigment fails to form in the eye, hair and skin. In ocular albinism, visual acuity ranges from 20/40 to 20/200 (legal blindness), the eyes may dance (nystagmus) and the person is very sensitive to sunlight. No treatment is available, except dark sunglasses for the photophobia.
Angioid Streaks
Fragmentation of Bruch’s membrane due to the degeneration of the elastic layers and development of subretinal fibrovascular tissue. Sometimes does not cause vision problems; however, can cause a reduction of visual acuity leading to legal blindness. Often associated with another disease such as sickle cell disease and certain syndromes.
Aniridia
Anisocoria
A difference in the size of the two pupils. It is present in about 5% of normal children. The most serious cause of an acquired Anisocoria follows a head injury with some brain or nerve damage; a disease such as a tumor also causes it.
Anisometropia
A difference in the focusing power of the two eyes. One of the major causes of amblyopia; the brain is not able to clearly focus both eyes simultaneously. This is a "hidden" cause of amblyopia and very difficult to detect without an eye exam.
Aphakia
An absence of the lens in the eye. The lens is removed during a cataract operation. The natural lens may be replace with an artificial lens during the cataract operation.
Avelox
Avelox (moxifloxacin hydrochloride) is an antibacterial agent for the treatment of uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections and respiratory tract infections. It is produced by Bayer.
Adalat
Adalat CC(nifedipine) is a once-a-day treatment of hypertension.
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