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Anastrozole
Anastrozole An oral antiestrogen. Anastrozole inhibits the enzyme aromatase in the adrenal glands that produces the estrogens (estradiol and estrone) and thereby lowers their levels. Brand name: Arimidex. See also: Aromatase inhibitor.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Oral
Of or involving the mouth or mouth region or the surface on which the mouth is located.
Antiestrogen
A substance that can prevent the full expression of estrogen. Antiestrogens act by exerting antagonistic effects on target tissues (androgens and progestogens act in this way) or by competing with estrogens for access to receptor sites located on the cell surface.
Anastrozole
An oral antiestrogen. Anastrozole inhibits the enzyme aromatase in the adrenal glands that produces the estrogens (estradiol and estrone) and thereby lowers their levels. Brand name: Arimidex. See also: Aromatase inhibitor.
Enzyme
A cellular protein whose shape allows it to hold together several other molecules in close proximity to each other. In this way, enzymes are able to induce chemical reactions in other substances with little expenditure of energy and without being changed themselves. Basically, an enzyme acts as a catalyst.
Aromatase
An enzyme involved in the production of estrogen that acts by catalyzing the conversion of testosterone (an androgen) to estradiol (an estrogen). Aromatase is located in estrogen-producing cells in the adrenal glands, ovaries, placenta, testicles, adipose (fat) tissue, and brain. The growth of some breast cancers is promoted by estrogens. For example, the drug letrozole (brand name: Femara) is an antiestrogen sometimes used to treat such estrogen-dependent tumors. The drug acts by inhibiting the enzyme aromatase which lowers the level of the estrogen, estradiol.
Estrogens
A group of three steroid hormones that convey female characteristics and control fertilization. The production of estrogen is stimulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which uses cyclic AMP as its second messenger.
Arimidex
Brand name for anastrozole, an oral antiestrogen. Arimidex inhibits the enzyme aromatase in the adrenal glands that produces the estrogens (estradiol and estrone) and thereby lowers their levels.
Inhibitor
A substance that is added to another to prevent or slow down an unwanted reaction or change.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Anastomosis
An operation to connect two body parts. An example is an operation in which a part of the colon is removed and the two remaining ends are rejoined.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Anaphylactoid purpura
See: Sch”nlein-Henoch purpura.
Anaplasmosis
A tick-borne disease of cattle, sheep, and related ruminants caused by a microorganism called Anaplasma marginale and characterized by anemia and jaundice. Also called gallsickness and gall sickness.
Anaplastology
The art and science of restoring a malformed or absent part of the human body through artificial means. An anaplastologist makes prosthetic devices. From the Greek ana, again, + plastos, formed. See also: Prosthesis.
Anaprox
See: Naproxen.
Anaptic
Suffering from an impaired sense of touch, (a state called anaphia) or tactile anesthesia. An anaptic person has anaphia (an, not + Greek haphe, touch = inability to (feel) touch.
Anastrozole
Anatomic orientation terms
"In anatomy, certain terms are used to denote orientation. For example, a structure may be horizontal, as opposed to vertical. Some of the terms of anatomic orientation are as follows:
Anatomical position
The position with the body erect with the arms at the sides and the palms forward. The anatomical position is of importance in anatomy because it is the position of reference for anatomical nomenclature. Anatomic terms such as anterior and posterior, medial and lateral, abduction and adduction, and so on apply to the body when it is in the anatomical position.
Anatomical snuffbox
A hollow seen on the radial aspect (the thumbside) of the dorsum (the back) of the wrist when the thumb is extended fully. The reason that it is called the anatomical snuffbox is that snuff (powdered tobacco) could be put there and then inhaled.
Anatomy
The study of form. Gross anatomy involves structures that can be seen with the naked eye. It is as opposed to microscopic anatomy (or histology) which involves structures seen under the microscope.
Anatomy in the Bible
"There are in the Bible but few direct references to the internal organs. Biblical poetry, however, abounds with expressions in which the names of such organs are used metaphorically, e.g.: ""His archers compass me round about, he cleaveth my reins asunder, and doth not spare; he poureth out my gall upon the ground"" (Job xvi. 13); ""His vessels are full of healthy fluid, and the marrow of his bones is well moistened"" (ib. xxi. 24, Hebr.); ""I am weary; . . . my throat is dried"" (Ps. lxix.) "
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