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Acetohexamide
Acetohexamide A "first-generation" sulfonylurea pill taken to lower the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Only some people with Type 2 diabetes take these pills.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Glucose
The only simple carbohydrate that circulates in the bloodstream. Glucose is the primary fuel used by the brain. It can also be stored in the liver and muscles in a polymer form known as glycogen.
Blood
The life-maintaining fluid which is made up of plasma, red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets; blood circulates through the body's heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries; it carries away waste matter and carbon dioxide, and brings nourishment, electrolytes, hormones, vitamins, antibodies, heat, and oxygen to the tissues.
Diabetes
A condition in which blood glucose is not well controlled. Type I diabetics make no insulin, whereas type 2 diabetics are characterized by the overproduction of insulin, but the inability of the target cells to respond to the insulin.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Acetabular
"Pertaining to the acetabulum, the cup-shaped socket of the hip joint which is a key feature of the pelvis. The head (upper end) of the femur (the thighbone) fits into the acetabulum and articulates with it, forming a ball-and-socket joint. The acetabulum is not just cup-shaped. The word ""acetabulum"" in Latin means cup, a vinegar cup."
Acetabular labrum
"A ring of fibrocartilage (fibrous cartilage) that runs around the acetabulum (cup) of the hip joint and increases its depth. The head of the femur (the bone in the thigh) fits in the acetabulum. The labrum deepens this cavity and effectively increases the surface (and strength) of the hip joint. Injuries to the acetabular labrum can occur from chronic trauma due to repetitive hip motion or from acute trauma as, for example, from a direct blow to the hip or a violent motion of the hip. Signs and symptoms of a acetabular labrum injury include pain accompanying hip motion, occasional pain in the hip at night or during daily activities, decreased range of motion and loss of strength in the hip. Treatment may include anti-inflammatory medication and rest. Exercises to strengthen the hip muscles may then be recommended. If these measures are not effective, arthroscopic surgery may be done. In medicine, a labrum is a ring of fibrocartilage around the edge of the articular (joint) surface of a bone. The Latin ""labrum"" means ""lip."" The term is used generally to designate a lip, edge, or brim. Plural, labra."
Acetabulum
"The cup-shaped socket of the hip joint. In fact, in Latin an ""acetabulum"" is cup, a vinegar cup. The acetabulum is a feature of the pelvis. The head (upper end) of the femur (the thighbone) fits into the acetabulum and articulates with it, forming a ball-and-socket joint."
Acetadote
Acetadote is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetylcysteine.
Acetaminophen
An analgesic and antipyretic medication.
Acetaminophen and butalbital and caffeine
Acetaminophen and butalbital and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 2
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 2
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 3
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate .
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 3
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 4
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate No. 4 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 4
Acetaminophen and codeine phosphate no. 4 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen and hydrocodone bitartrate
Acetaminophen and hydrocodone bitartrate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; hydrocodone bitartrate.
Acetaminophen and pentazocine hcl
Acetaminophen and pentazocine hcl is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; pentazocine hydrochloride.
Acetaminophen and tramadol hcl
Acetaminophen and tramadol hcl is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; tramadol hydrochloride.
Acetaminophen with codeine
Acetaminophen with codeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 2
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 2
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 2 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 3
Acetaminophen with codeine no. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 4
Acetaminophen with codeine No. 4 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate No. 3
Acetaminophen with codeine phosphate No. 3 is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen, aspirin and caffeine
Acetaminophen, aspirin and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; aspirin; caffeine.
Acetaminophen, aspirin, and codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen, aspirin, and codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; aspirin; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen, butalbital and caffeine
Acetaminophen, butalbital and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine.
Acetaminophen, butalbital, and caffeine
Acetaminophen, butalbital, and caffeine is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine.
Acetaminophen, butalbital, caffeine, and codeine phosphate
Acetaminophen, butalbital, caffeine, and codeine phosphate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; butalbital; caffeine; codeine phosphate.
Acetaminophen, caffeine, and dihydrocodeine bitartrate
Acetaminophen, caffeine, and dihydrocodeine bitartrate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetaminophen; caffeine; dihydrocodeine bitartrate.
Acetasol
Acetasol is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial.
Acetasol hc
Acetasol hc is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial; hydrocortisone.
Acetate
A molecular ion derived from acetic acid. The formula of acetate is CH3COO-.
Acetated ringers in plastic container
Acetated ringers in plastic container is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): calcium chloride; potassium chloride; sodium acetate; sodium chloride .
Acetazolamide
Acetazolamide is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetazolamide.
Acetazolamide sodium
Acetazolamide sodium is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetazolamide sodium.
Acetic acid
The acid most commonly associated with vinegar. Acetic acid is a two-carbon carboxylic acid. Its formula is: CH3COOH. It is the most commercially important organic acid and is used in the manufacture of a broad range of chemical products, such as plastics and insecticides.
Acetic acid 0.25 per cent in plastic container
Acetic acid 0.25 per cent in plastic container is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial.
Acetic acid 2 per cent in aqueous aluminum acetate
Acetic acid 2 per cent in aqueous aluminum acetate is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial; aluminum acetate.
Acetic acid with hydrocortisone
Acetic acid with hydrocortisone is a prescription or over-the-counter drug which is (or once was) legal in the United States and possibly in other countries. Active ingredient(s): acetic acid, glacial; hydrocortisone.
Acetoacetate
A molecular ion, CH3COCH2COO-, derived from acetoacetic acid.
Acetone
"In the body, a chemical that is formed when the body uses fat instead of glucose (sugar) for energy. The formation of acetone means that cells lack insulin or cannot effectively use available insulin to burn glucose for energy. Acetone passes through the body into the urine as one of the so-called ketone bodies. Acetone is highly volatile. The breath of someone with a great deal of acetone in the body smells fruity and is called ""acetone breath."""
Acetyl coenzyme A
An important metabolic intermediate, derived from various pathways, such as glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and degradation of some amino acids. It also represents a key intermediate in lipid biosynthesis. Commonly referred to as acetyl CoA.
Acetyl phosphate
A molecular ion which plays a role in the synthesis of the four-carbon fatty acid, butyric acid. The formula for acetyl phosphate is: CH3COPO42-.
Acetylcholine
The neurotransmitter substance at cholinergic synapses, which causes cardiac inhibition, vasodilation, gastrointestinal peristalsis, and other parasympathetic effects. It is liberated from preganglionic and postganglionic endings of parasympathetic fibers and from preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic as a result of nerve injuries, whereupon it acts as a transmitter on the effector organ; it is hydrolyzed into choline and acetic acid by acetylcholinesterase before a second impulse may be transmitted.
Acetylcholine (ACH, Ach)
The neurotransmitter substance at cholinergic synapses, which causes cardiac inhibition, vasodilation, gastrointestinal peristalsis, and other parasympathetic effects. It is liberated from preganglionic and postganglionic endings of parasympathetic fibers and from preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic as a result of nerve injuries, whereupon it acts as a transmitter on the effector organ; it is hydrolyzed into choline and acetic acid by acetylcholinesterase before a second impulse may be transmitted.
Acetylcholinesterase
An enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at the synaptic cleft (the space between two nerve cells) so the next nerve impulse can be transmitted across the synaptic gap. Pesticides of the organophosphate and carbamate types act to paralyze and kill insects by inhibiting their acetylcholinesterase. Abbreviated AChE.
Acetylcysteine
An antioxidant drug used to reduce the thickness of mucus and ease its removal. It is also used to reverse the toxicity of high doses of acetaminophen. Acetylcysteine with hydration significantly reduces the risk of contrast nephropathy in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Also called N-acetyl-L-cysteine.
Acetylpheneturide
An anticonvulsant.
Acetysalicylic acid
The active substance in aspirin, a medication developed by Bayer.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Acupoint (acupuncture point, she xue)
Generally, any of an indefinite number of points on or near the surface of a human or other mammal that, allegedly, are susceptible to healthful activation and communicate with internal organs.
A.T.C.
Certified Athletic Trainer.
Acarbose
A drug used as a treatment for Type 2 (noninsulin-dependent) diabetes; belongs to a class of drugs called alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.
Acetohexamide
Adult-Onset Diabetes
Former term for Type 2 diabetes.
Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs)
A group of compounds that may have a role in diabetes complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and vascular disease. At present it is not known if they are the cause or the consequence of the complications observed.
AII Antagonists
A type of drug used to lower blood pressure. They are currently approved for the treatment of essential hypertension. Clinical studies are currently in progress to determine whether they also have a role in the management of heart failure and in the prevention and management of diabetic kidney disease Also called AII Receptor Antagonists. AII is an acronym for Angiotensin II.
Aldose Reductase
An enzyme that is normally present in the eye and in many other parts of the body. It changes glucose (sugar) into a sugar alcohol called sorbitol. Too much sorbitol trapped in eye and nerve cells seems to damage these cells, and may be part of the cause of diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy. There are medications that interfere with aldose reductase.
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